Copper doped Strontium Indium‑borate glasses: FTIR, Raman, EPR, Optical and Structural Studies

Abstract

Indium oxide added strontium borate glasses(30-x)SrO–69B2O3–1CuO: xIn2O3with five different values of x (from 0.5 to 2.5 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional melt quenching process. The amorphous nature of these glass samples was confirmed from X-Ray diffraction spectra. Physical properties like density, molar volume, dielectric constant etc. have been reported for various concentrations of In2O3. Spectroscopic studies, namely, optical absorption, EPR were undertaken to comprehend the impact of In2O3and CuO dopants on strontium-borate structure. Urbach energy and optical band gap (Eopt) values were estimated at room temperature. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters of Cu2+ ions have revealed gǁǁ> g┴>ge and Aǁǁ> A┴ indicating the Cu2+spin probe ground state as dx2-y2(2B1g state) and the site symmetry around Cu2+ is tetragonally distorted octahedral. Fourier transform infrared spectra recorded in the region from 400-1600 cm-1 confirmed the occurrence of conventional BO3, BO4units along with In3+O6 groups. The Raman spectra of the glass samples were registered between 200 cm-1 and 600 cm-1 exhibited various spectral bands.

Annealing Effect on Copper-Doped Sodium Borate Glasses (Na2O.4B2O3)

“…As the Na2O content in binary borate glasses increases, their structure becomes more rigid and the modulus of elasticity increases rapidly. According to Narsimha [5], at 28.5 mol% of Na2O, the modulus of elasticity has already risen to 565 kbar. As the Na2O content decreases, a reduction in the modulus of elasticity is observed.…”

“…Given that most metal ions of "3d" electronic transitions occur as a result of tetrahedral or octahedral coordination in the oxide glass, the coordination number will change as a result of differences in energy, depending on the number of "3d" electrons present. It is also evident that the color is affected by the concentration of the colored cation: as absorption by the coloring species increases, the effects of changes in the network of ions that are formed or modified are due to alterations to the distance between the bands as well as the electrostatic attraction between the coloring ions and the ligands surrounding them [5]- [12].…”