Abstract:This study aimed to establish that copper-deposited Diatom-biosilica have the potential and possibility for clinical applications in repairing bone defects in a state of inflammation, such as periodontitis. Treatment of alveolar bone defects caused by periodontitis is a major challenge for clinicians. To achieve better repair results, the material should not only be bone conductive but also have the ability to stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis at the lesion site. Copper (II) and silicon (IV) ions could r… Show more
“…The osteogenic, angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Cu were also highlighted in other recent studies, such as using Cu-doped mineralized diatom (Cu-DBs) [176] and borosilicate glass bone cement [177]. Notably, Li S. and colleagues found that Cu can accelerate bone healing thanks to its anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and osteogenic properties [177].…”
Section: Effects Of Copper In Bone and Cartilage Tissuesmentioning
Dysregulated metal homeostasis is associated with many pathological conditions, including arthritic diseases. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the two most prevalent disorders that damage the joints and lead to cartilage and bone destruction. Recent studies show that the levels of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are generally altered in the serum of arthritis patients. Therefore, metal dyshomeostasis may reflect the contribution of these trace elements to the disease’s pathogenesis and manifestations, suggesting their potential for prognosis and treatment. Carnosine (Car) also emerged as a biomarker in arthritis and exerts protective and osteogenic effects in arthritic joints. Notably, its zinc(II) complex, polaprezinc, has been recently proposed as a drug-repurposing candidate for bone fracture healing. On these bases, this review article aims to provide an overview of the beneficial roles of Cu and Zn in bone and cartilage health and their potential application in tissue engineering. The effects of Car and polaprezinc in promoting cartilage and bone regeneration are also discussed. We hypothesize that polaprezinc could exchange Zn for Cu, present in the culture media, due to its higher sequestering ability towards Cu. However, future studies should unveil the potential contribution of Cu in the beneficial effects of polaprezinc.
“…The osteogenic, angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Cu were also highlighted in other recent studies, such as using Cu-doped mineralized diatom (Cu-DBs) [176] and borosilicate glass bone cement [177]. Notably, Li S. and colleagues found that Cu can accelerate bone healing thanks to its anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and osteogenic properties [177].…”
Section: Effects Of Copper In Bone and Cartilage Tissuesmentioning
Dysregulated metal homeostasis is associated with many pathological conditions, including arthritic diseases. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the two most prevalent disorders that damage the joints and lead to cartilage and bone destruction. Recent studies show that the levels of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are generally altered in the serum of arthritis patients. Therefore, metal dyshomeostasis may reflect the contribution of these trace elements to the disease’s pathogenesis and manifestations, suggesting their potential for prognosis and treatment. Carnosine (Car) also emerged as a biomarker in arthritis and exerts protective and osteogenic effects in arthritic joints. Notably, its zinc(II) complex, polaprezinc, has been recently proposed as a drug-repurposing candidate for bone fracture healing. On these bases, this review article aims to provide an overview of the beneficial roles of Cu and Zn in bone and cartilage health and their potential application in tissue engineering. The effects of Car and polaprezinc in promoting cartilage and bone regeneration are also discussed. We hypothesize that polaprezinc could exchange Zn for Cu, present in the culture media, due to its higher sequestering ability towards Cu. However, future studies should unveil the potential contribution of Cu in the beneficial effects of polaprezinc.
“…These results indicated that the presence of diatom BS enhanced the mineralization ability of BCB scaffold. Many previous studies conducted alizarin red S staining to detect the osteogenic differentiation and reported that the addition of diatom BS to scaffolds increased the intensity of calcium nodules and thus the degree of mineralization 6 , 51 – 53 . Figure 5 Alizarin red S staining of ( a ) MSCs cultured in ODM on the surface of well-plate (Scale bar: 20 µm), ( b ) blank (cell-free) BCB scaffold (Scale bar: 200 µm), ( c ) MSCs cultured in ODM on CB scaffold (Scale bar: 200 µm), ( d ) MSCs cultured in ODM on BCB scaffold (Scale bar: 500 µm) ( e ) Quantitative analysis of alizarin red S staining of CB and BCB scaffolds in GM and ODM after 28 days of incubation (ns; p > 0.05, *p < 0.05).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These results indicated that the presence of diatom BS enhanced the mineralization ability of BCB scaffold. Many previous studies conducted alizarin red S staining to detect the osteogenic differentiation and reported that the addition of diatom BS to scaffolds increased the intensity of calcium nodules and thus the degree of mineralization 6,[51][52][53] .…”
Section: Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitromentioning
Chemobrionic systems have attracted great attention in material science for development of novel biomimetic materials. This study aims to design a new bioactive material by integrating biosilica into chemobrionic structure, which will be called biochemobrionic, and to comparatively investigate the use of both chemobrionic and biochemobrionic materials as bone scaffolds. Biosilica, isolated from Amphora sp. diatom, was integrated into chemobrionic structure, and a comprehensive set of analysis was conducted to evaluate their morphological, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and biodegradation properties. Then, the effects of both scaffolds on cell biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation capacity were assessed. Cells attached to the scaffolds, spread out, and covered the entire surface, indicating the absence of cytotoxicity. Biochemobrionic scaffold exhibited a higher level of mineralization and bone formation than the chemobrionic structure due to the osteogenic activity of biosilica. These results present a comprehensive and pioneering understanding of the potential of (bio)chemobrionics for bone regeneration.
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