Copper-Associated Liver Diseases

Hoffmann, Gaby

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.02.001

Cited by 35 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Physical examination indicated dehydration (based on tacky mucous membranes or prolonged skin tent) in 4 dogs (patients 3,6,8,9), icterus in 4 dogs (patients 1, 3, 6, 9), tachycardia in 2 dogs (patients 1 and 3), and hypersalivation in 1 dog (patient 5). One dog (patient 3) was laterally recumbent upon initial evaluation and had gingival and rectal bleeding.…”

Section: Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A diagnosis of CAH was based on findings of centrilobular hepatitis and increased centrilobular copper accumulation. 5,7,8 The severity of hepatic copper accumulation was designated as none, minimal, mild, moderate, or marked, which corresponds to the staining grades 0, 1-2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively.…”

Section: Hepatic and Renal Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7] Although a specific genetic mutation has only been described in Bedlington Terriers, CAH is presumed to be hereditary in other affected breeds. 8,9 The pathophysiologic consequences of excess hepatic copper, as well as therapies to address this problem, are well described. 8 Yet, little remains known about mechanisms of copper accumulation in non-Bedlington Terrier breeds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 The pathophysiologic consequences of excess hepatic copper, as well as therapies to address this problem, are well described. 8 Yet, little remains known about mechanisms of copper accumulation in non-Bedlington Terrier breeds. 2,5,8 Given that sex predisposition, signalment, and clinical course vary among breeds, it is probable that different genetic mutations are involved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,5,8 Given that sex predisposition, signalment, and clinical course vary among breeds, it is probable that different genetic mutations are involved. [1][2][3]8 Furthermore, it remains unknown whether copper can accumulate in other organs and result in dysfunction in those organs. Specific organ or tissue accumulation could vary depending on the mutation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquired Proximal Renal Tubular Dysfunction in 9 Labrador Retrievers with Copper‐Associated Hepatitis (2006–2012)

Langlois¹,

Smedley

Schall³

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Copper‐associated hepatitis (CAH) has been well described in Labrador Retrievers. However, the association of CAH with proximal renal tubular dysfunction in this breed has not been characterized. Objectives To report clinical features, hepatic and renal histopathologic findings, tissue copper concentrations, and outcome of Labradors with CAH and proximal renal tubular disease. Animals Nine Labrador Retrievers with renal glucosuria and biopsy‐confirmed CAH. Methods Clinical, clinicopathologic, and light microscopic findings were retrospectively reviewed. Rhodanine staining or atomic emission spectroscopy was performed on all hepatic samples and available renal tissue (4 dogs) to assess copper concentrations. Results Eight dogs had a history of polyuria and polydipsia, and all dogs had increased serum bilirubin concentrations. Five dogs had hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Three dogs with acidemia had paradoxical alkalinuria. All renal specimens had increased copper concentrations. Renal tubular vacuolization, degeneration, and regeneration were observed on light microscopy. Four dogs died within 10 days of diagnosis. One dog survived 2 months; 4 dogs survived more than 1 year. In long‐term survivors, including 2 that did not undergo immediate copper chelation, resolution of renal tubular dysfunction occurred within weeks to months. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Labrador Retrievers with CAH can develop clinical and laboratory evidence of renal tubular dysfunction in association with increased renal copper concentrations. Given the rarity of renal tubular disorders, detection of renal glucosuria and increased ALT activity in a Labrador Retriever is suggestive of CAH. Although renal tubular dysfunction may indicate advanced disease, successful long‐term outcome is possible with a variety of therapies.

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Section: Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatic and Renal Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%