Copper and cadmium in bottom sediments dredged from Wyścigi Pond, Warsaw, Poland—contamination and bioaccumulation study

Abstract

This research covered an evaluation of the copper and cadmium concentrations in bottom sediments dredged from one of the ponds in Warsaw. The samples of sediments, soil, and plants were analyzed in terms of Cu and Cd content. The research concerned the heap of dredged bottom sediments from Wyścigi Pond, Warsaw, Poland. Two boreholes were made to obtain sediment cores with depths of A 162.5 cm and B 190.0 cm. The cores were divided into 10 sub-samples with a thickness of about 15–20 cm. A control sample of soil was taken from the horse racecourse several hundred meters away from the heap. The vegetation was sampled directly from the heap. The predominating plants were tested: Urtica dioica, Glechoma hederacea, Euonymus verrucosus, and Drepanocladus aduncus. A control sample of U. dioica taken outside of the heap was also tested. The commercial PHYTOTOXKIT microbiotest was applied to evaluate the influence of heavy metal-contaminated sediments (used as soil) on germination and growth of the chosen test plants. The analyses of cadmium and copper concentrations revealed that the metal concentration in sediments was diverse at different depths of sampling, probably reflecting their concentration in stored layers of sediments. Moreover, the metal content in core A was four to five times lower than that in core B, which reveals heterogeneity of the sediments in the tested heap. In core A, the copper concentration ranged from 4.7 to 13.4 mg/kg d.w. (average 8.06 ± 0.71 mg/kg d.w.), while in core B, it ranged from 9.2 to 82.1 mg/kg d.w. (average 38.56 ± 2.6 mg/kg d.w.). One of the results of the heavy metal presence in soils is their bioaccumulation in plants. Comparing plant growth, more intensive growth of roots was observed in the case of plants growing on the control (reference) soil than those growing on sediments. The intensive development of both primary and lateral roots was noticed. During this early growth, metal accumulation in plants occurred.

Heavy Metal Contamination in the Surface Layer of Bottom Sediments in a Flow-Through Lake: A Case Study of Lake Symsar in Northern Poland

“…The high content of bottom deposits was due to the fact that the analysed metal formed complexes with hydrated iron and manganese oxides, as well as with organic matter [40]. The sorption of this metal depends on pH [41]. The cadmium content of bottom sediments in Lake Symsar was below the geochemical background.…”

Geoecological Aspect in the Accumulation of Water and Bottom Sediments and Hydrobionts in the River Basin and the Middle Course of the Pechora River

“…Зачастую проводится сравнение содержания ТМ в донных осадках с предельно допустимыми концентрациями для почвенного горизонта. Хотя в некоторых странах такие нормативы существуют, например, в Польше предельные значения содержания Cu в донных осадках составляют 150 мкг/г [17].…”

CONCENTRACIÓN DE CADMIO EN AGUA, SEDIMENTOS, Eichhornia crassipes Y Pomacea canaliculata EN EL RÍO GUAYAS (ECUADOR) Y SUS AFLUENTES

“…Según a los descritos por Carpio (2016) en sedimentos del río Chimbo (0.09 a 0.80 mg/kg). Al contrastar con los resultados de otros ríos a nivel mundial, la concentración de Cd en el Guayas y sus afluentes son menores a los hallados en ríos como Yenshui en Taiwan, 3.5 mg/kg (Tsai et al 2007), Almendares en Cuba, 4.4 mg/kg (Lima 2005), Gudiamar en España, 16.4 mg/kg (Kraus y Wiegand 2006), Wyścigi en Polonia, 49.39 mg/kg (Wojtkowska et al 2015), Canal Begej en Serbia, 66 mg/kg (Dalmacija et al 2006), Seine en Francia, 130 mg/kg (Meybeck et al 2007) río Túr en Rumania, 800 mg/kg (Osán et al 2007) y Longjiang en China, 5368 mg/kg (Zhao et al 2018). Sin embargo, las concentraciones de Cd son mayores a las reportadas en Sudarban en Bangladesh, 0.82 mg/kg (Islam et al 2017), río Casqueiro en Brasil, 1.63 mg/kg (Harris y Santos 2000) y río Bogotá en Colombia, 0.50 a 1.24 mg/kg (Lora y Bonilla 2010).…”

“…A nivel mundial se ha descrito contaminación por Cd en sedimentos del río Casqueiro en Brasil (Harris y Santos 2000), el río Yamuna en la India (Kaushik et al 2009) y en estuarios tales como la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta en Colombia (Perdomo et al 1999) el Golfo de Cariaco en Venezuela (Fuentes et al 2010), Sudarban en Bangladesh (Islam et al 2017) y estanques de Wyścigien Polonia (Wojtkowska et al 2015), entre otros lugares.…”