Copper

A cathodoluminescence-assisted LA-ICP-MS study of topaz from different geological settings

“…Ca concentrations are related to apatite, allanite and epidote. Cu and HREE are related to biotite, hornblende, hyperstene and plagioclase (Herrmann 1978, Wedepohl 1978a. Zn is related to magnetite and muscovite (Wedepohl 1978d).…”

“…The Zn and W concentrations, according to Wedepohl (1978d) and Krauskopf (1978), can be associated with the muscovite that occurs in the topaz-bearing veins, as part of their mineral assemblage with quartz and topaz crystals. Elements such as V, Cr, Cu, LREE and HREE mainly occur as relevant trace elements in the minerals of the primary mineral assemblages of the rocks of the Kashala Formation such as garnet, ilmenite, muscovite and plagioclase (Herrmann 1978, Landergren 1978, Shiraki 1978, Wedepohl 1978a). In accordance with the influence of the mineral assemblages (e.g.…”

“…In sample TO, Cr, Cu, Zn and HREE mainly occur as relevant trace elements in the minerals of the primary and accessory mineral assemblages, such as biotite, garnet, pyroxene and amphibole (Herrmann 1978, Shiraki 1978, Wedepohl 1978a, 1978d in the Salinas Formation rocks. The high Ca concentrations can be related to apatite, plagioclase and titanite, which are part of the primary and accessory mineral assemblages of the Salinas Formation rocks.…”

“…Cr and Mn have a high affinity with Fe-oxides (Yu et al 2001), such as hematite and magnetite, and with the minerals of the primary mineral assemblage such as Fe-augite and Fe-hornblende. V, Cu, Zn, and W mainly occur as relevant trace elements in the minerals of the primary and accessory mineral assemblages such as apatite, biotite, F-titanite, Fe-augite, Fe-hornblende, Fe-Ti oxides and ilmenite (Landergren 1978, Wedepohl 1978a, 1978d, Krauskopf 1978. Concentrations of Nb (between 53.00-64.00 ppm), LREE (between 7.50-73.00 ppm) and Ta (between 2.30-6.40 ppm) could be related to Nb, LREE and Ta concentrations in the rhyolites from the Thomas Range.…”