Copolymers of styrene and methyl .alpha.-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate: reactivity ratios, physical behavior, and spectral properties

Kress, Albert O.; Mathias, Lon J.; Cei, Gustavo

doi:10.1021/ma00192a005

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The corresponding detail has been mentioned elsewhere (32,33). It is clear that MH and extended KT methods gives the most precise estimate, although this estimate is only slightly better than that obtained by the KT and TM methods.…”

Section: Joint Confidence Limit Calculation For Different Methods (32mentioning

confidence: 88%

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Semsarzadeh

Daronkola

Abdollahi

2007

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Atom transfer radical bulk copolymerization of MA and MMA was performed in the presence of CuCl/PMDETA as catalyst system and trichloromethyl-terminated poly(vinyl acetate) macroinitiator at 808C. The overall monomer conversion was followed gravimetrically and chemical composition of the copolymer was determined by 1 H-NMR spectrometry. The results have been used to calculate monomer reactivity ratios by linear and nonlinear methods. Reactivity ratios calculated were in the range of 0.3766 -0.4988 and 1.8832 -2.0963 for MA and MMA, respectively. These values were in good agreement with the values reported for a similar system in the free radical copolymerization. It was observed that the copolymerization system tends to produce a random copolymer with longer sequences of MMA than MA in the initial stage of polymerization before any significant decrease of the concentration of MMA in the monomer mixture. Copolymer microstructures in this study indicated that radical stabilization capability of MMA compared to MA is higher. The accuracy of the reactivity ratios were confirmed by 95% joint confidence limits. It was found that considering the effect of conversion in these methods makes the calculation result more accurate. The theoretical composition drifts in the comonomer mixture and copolymer as a function of the overall monomer conversion are also reported.

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Section: Joint Confidence Limit Calculation For Different Methods (32mentioning

confidence: 88%

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Semsarzadeh

Daronkola

Abdollahi

2007

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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“…The corresponding detail has been mentioned elsewhere. 31,32 These parameters are preferred to simple limits of precision because of simultaneous estimation of reactivity ratios. Hence, they should not be considered independent statistically.…”

Section: Joint Confidence Limit Calculation For Different Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of radical polymerization. IV. Determination of reactivity ratio in copolymerization of styrene and itaconic acid by ¹H‐NMR

Mahdavian

Abdollahi

Mokhtabad

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Here, online 1 H-NMR spectroscopy has been successfully applied to investigate the kinetic parameters of radical copolymerization of styrene (St) and itaconic acid (IA). This technique was used because it allowed us to individually map out the monomer conversions of St and IA during the course of the polymerization at various conversions. This was possible because the individual contributions to the overall monomer conversion from St and IA could be measured through their nonoverlapping vinylic proton signals. The results of monomer conversion during the time in the corresponding 1 H-NMR spectra was the basis of our analysis to determine the reactivity ratios of St and IA in the solution and radical copolymerization reaction by several methods. In addition to linear least-squares methods, such as Finemann-Ross, inverted Finemann-Ross, Mayo-Lewis, Kelen-Tudos, extended Kelen-Tudos, and Mao-Huglin, a nonlinear least-square method (TidwellMortimer) was used for this purpose, at low conversions. Extended Kelen-Tudos and Mao-Huglin were applied to determine the reactivity ratio values at high conversions too.

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“…where not suffer from reindexing errors, and can be used with relatively high conversions [28] . Table 1 contains the experimental copolymerization data for the three systems.…”

Section: Determination Of the Reactivity Ratios Of The Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis Characterization and Polymerization of Novel Thiophene Substituted Maleimide

Ali

Mokhtar

Elsabeé

2010

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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Ethyl 2-amino 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo thiophene-3-carboxylate maleimide (ETTCM) has been synthesized and investigated as a new thio-maleimide derivative. The structure of the prepared compounds has been elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses. The free radical polymerization of (ETTCM) has been conducted in several solvents using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The kinetic parameters of polymerization of ETTCM were investigated, and it was found that the polymerization reaction follows the conventional free radical scheme. The initial rate of polymerization, the overall activation energy Ea was determined (Ea ¼ 57.013 kJmol À1 ) and intrinsic viscosity was measured ([g] ¼ 0.04 dl/g). The prepared polymer is a good chelating agent with some metal ions and a moderate antifungal and antibacterial effect. The monomer reactivity ratios for the copolymerization of ETTCM with methyl methacrylate MMA, vinyl acetate VA, and vinyl ether VE were calculated by two methods, the Kelen-Tüdös and a nonlinear method. Thermal stability of the ETTCM polymers and copolymers were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis.

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Copolymers of styrene and methyl .alpha.-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate: reactivity ratios, physical behavior, and spectral properties

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Kinetic study of radical polymerization. IV. Determination of reactivity ratio in copolymerization of styrene and itaconic acid by ¹H‐NMR

The Synthesis Characterization and Polymerization of Novel Thiophene Substituted Maleimide

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Copolymers of styrene and methyl .alpha.-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate: reactivity ratios, physical behavior, and spectral properties

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Kinetic Study of Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Initiated with Poly(vinyl acetate) Macroinitiator

Kinetic study of radical polymerization. IV. Determination of reactivity ratio in copolymerization of styrene and itaconic acid by 1H‐NMR

The Synthesis Characterization and Polymerization of Novel Thiophene Substituted Maleimide

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Product

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Kinetic study of radical polymerization. IV. Determination of reactivity ratio in copolymerization of styrene and itaconic acid by ¹H‐NMR