Copolymerization synthesis of highly hydrophilic carbon nitride for efficient solar hydrogen production

Abstract

A highly hydrophilic surface-ammoniated PCN obtained by copolymerization shows efficient visible-light-driven H2 production, surpassing most reported hydrophilic PCN-based photocatalysts.

Highly Hydrophilic and Defective Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…Figure S22 provides the top views and side views of the four models of CN, CN-P, NH 3 -CN, and NH 3 -CN-P. CN-P, NH 3 -CN, and NH 3 -CN-P all expose plentiful two-dimensional planar defects and successfully break the closed-loop structure of pristine CN. As observed from the density of states (DOS) (Figure a,b and Figure S23), the CB bottoms of CN, CN-P, NH 3 -CN, and NH 3 -CN-P are basically dominated by the contributions of C and N orbitals, while the top of VB mainly consists of N 2p-like states, which is principally consistent with previous reports. , Furthermore, the contribution of P doping to the VB is also observed in CN-P and NH 3 -CN-P (Figure b and Figure S23). Although oxygen-containing hydrophilic groups contribute little to VB and CB orbitals, they also participate in the construction of defect energy levels.…”

“…20 Jian et al realized the effective reduction of the water contact angle from 60.9°to 39.9°by grafting amine groups on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 . 21 Similarly, Xu et al obtained hydrophilic porous g-C 3 N 4 with a contact angle of 38.2°and verified the correlation between the hydrophilic porous structure and the wetting property. 22 However, relying solely on the hydrophilic groups, the hydrophilic ability of g-C 3 N 4 is still unsatisfactory.…”

“…can be modified on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 , which can interact with water molecules and improve the wettability of g-C 3 N 4 . − For example, Bu et al introduced the hydroxylamine structure on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 by using oxygen plasma and achieved good dispersion in water . Jian et al realized the effective reduction of the water contact angle from 60.9° to 39.9° by grafting amine groups on the surface of g-C 3 N 4 . Similarly, Xu et al obtained hydrophilic porous g-C 3 N 4 with a contact angle of 38.2° and verified the correlation between the hydrophilic porous structure and the wetting property .…”

Strongly Coupled Heterostructured CoP/MoO2 as an Advanced Electrocatalyst for Urea-Assisted Water Electrolysis

“…In the era of low-carbon energy, the development and utilization of hydrogen energy through various catalysis technologies have emerged as a crucial solution to the global energy crisis. − Electrical energy-driven water splitting has gained considerable attention as an efficient green hydrogen production technology. In the classical water electrolysis system, the half-reactions of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can occur simultaneously on the surfaces of the cathode and anode, respectively.…”

Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Tuning the Electronic State of Copper Sites in Metal‐Organic Supramolecular Assemblies

“…[1][2][3] Hydrogen energy, as a promising alternative to fossil fuels, is clean, efficient, sustainable, "carbon-free", and has inspired wide interests. [4][5][6][7][8] The use of solar energy for photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen is a promising strategy to solve the energy crisis and the development of efficient artificial photocatalysts is one of the most critical issues in this field. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, compared with traditional thermal catalysis, the photocatalytic reaction involves multiple processes including photoexcitation and photogenerated carrier separation, which poses a greater barrier for regulating the photocatalytic performance.…”