Copolymerization of acrylonitrile with 3‐chloro, 2‐hydroxy‐propyl acrylate and methacrylate

Abstract

Acrylonitrile (AN) was copolymerized with 3‐chloro, 2‐hydroxy propyl acrylate (CHPA) and 3‐chloro, 2‐hydroxy‐propyl methacrylate (CHPMA) in water and water‐acetone medium at 40°C with potassium persulfate and sodium metabisulfite as redox initiators. Copolymer composition was determined from the nitrogen content. The reactivity ratios for the AN‐CHPMA system were also calculated by the Kelen–Tudos method. The reactivity ratio r2 (CHPMA) was higher for the AN‐CHPMA system in both media, which indicated higher reactivity of CHPMA toward the propagation species. Addition of acetone decreases r2 and increases r1. It was found that the copolymers prepared in water medium were not completely soluble in dimethylformamide (DMF); the insoluble fraction was rich in CHPA/CHPMA and increased with increasing comonomer composition. The influence of the acrylate comonomer on properties such as solubility and intrinsic viscosity was also studied.

Aqueous deposited copolymerization of acrylonitrile and itaconic acid

“…The broad band in the range of 3100–2700 cm −1 with its maximum at 2940 cm −1 is attributed to CH stretching in CH, CH 2 , and CH 3 (including symmetrical and unsymmetrical stretching) 19. The position of the CN absorption band at 2240 cm −1 , which is the strongest absorption band in the polymers, remains invariable in all the PAN polymers, indicating the presence of long uninterrupted sequences of AN units in all the copolymers 20. A shoulder‐like appearance at 2190 cm −1 near the characteristic absorption for CN (at 2240 cm −1 ) can be attributed to the stretching vibration of CNH formed during polymerization 21, 22…”

Property changes of powdery polyacrylonitrile synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization during heat-treatment process under air atmosphere

“…A shoulderlike absorption peak appearing at 2190 cm −1 near C≡N might be assigned to the stretching vibration of C=NH formed during polymerization process [28,29]. The bands with peak values at around 1450, 1360, 1250 and 1075 cm −1 were assigned to the C-H vibrations of different modes [27]. Besides, the broad band in the range 3600-3100 cm −1 was possibly attributed to the O-H stretching of IA in the copolymer chains or the NH 2 stretching lead by the hydrolysis of C≡N.…”

“…The position of the C≡N absorption band at 2240 cm −1 , which was the [26,27]. A shoulderlike absorption peak appearing at 2190 cm −1 near C≡N might be assigned to the stretching vibration of C=NH formed during polymerization process [28,29].…”

Synthesis and characterization of methacrylic acid–ethyl acrylate copolymers

“…Brar et al27,30 determined the reactivity ratios, number-average sequence length, and monomer sequence distribution using 13C-NMR for a number of copolymer systems like AA-MMA, AN-EA, MMA-ethyl methacrylate, etc. Bajaj et al 31 also demonstrated the potential of 13C-NMR spectroscopy for measuring the AN units in PAN and AN-haloalkyl acrylate/methacrylate copolymers synthesized in various reaction media.…”