Coplanar interdigitated band electrodes for electrosynthesis. Part 4: Application to sea water electrolysis

Belmont, C.; Ferrigno, Rosaria; Leclerc, Olivier; Girault, Hubert H.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(98)00175-3

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Later, modified DSA type electrodes incorporating iridium oxides were investigated for the oxygen evolution reaction 2,3 and also with other metals [4][5][6] , in order to modulate their properties and to increase their service life. More recently, DSA type electrodes have been used for the oxidation of some organic molecules that constitute water pollutants, notable phenols 7 , as well as for the electrolysis of sea water 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidation of formaldehyde on high overvoltage DSA type electrodes

Motheo¹,

González²,

Tremiliosi‐Filho³

et al. 2000

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho a oxidação eletroquímica do formaldeído é estudada sobre eletrodos dimensionalmente estáveis preparados por decomposição térmica de percursores (correspondentes cloretos The electrolyses were performed galvanostatically in a filter press cell with 0.5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 solutions with initial formaldehyde concentration equal to 100 mmol L -1 . The concentration of formaldehyde decreases fast with the electrolysis time, with the ternary anode (Ir + Ru + Ti) presenting the best performance for this step. The anode containing only Ir, despite presenting the higher superficial charge, is the one with the lowest electrocatalytic activity. For the formic acid oxidation step, the presence of iridium in the anode composition does not promote the process, the anode containing only ruthenium being the most effective for this step.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidation of formaldehyde on high overvoltage DSA type electrodes

Motheo¹,

González²,

Tremiliosi‐Filho³

et al. 2000

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…As seawater contains calcium and magnesium ions, it can generate calcium and magnesium hydroxides. 24,25 In contrast, the application of ozonation in shrimp grow-out ponds has been reported to significantly decrease alkalinity and this has to be corrected by the supplementation of liming materials. 8 This recarbonation to improve alkalinity loss by ozonation may not be practical in large-scale shrimp grow-out ponds.…”

Section: Ammonia Removal In Marine Algal-containing Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical removal of ammonia, chemical oxygen demand and energy consumption from aquaculture waters containing different marine algal species

Wijesekara

Nomura

Matsumura

2005

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Phytoplankton over-blooming and consequent die-off is one of the major contributory factors for ammonia and chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings. In this work, electrolysis technology was applied to determine its ability to remove ammonia and total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) in both laboratory-scale batch and continuous systems. Under an initially set voltage of 5 V, a constant current of 0.1 A was applied and different retention times were used for ammonia-removal experiments. Results showed that these conditions are not satisfactory in removing TCOD loadings contributed by algal cells. However, a retention time of 35.7 min was sufficient to remove 100% ammonia from algaluncontaminated waters. Ammonia removals in waters containing Chlorella spp and Isochrysis spp were 87 and 68%, respectively, after 140 min of electrolysis. Energy consumption for ammonia removal in algal-free water was 50 W mg −1 of ammonia. For waters containing Chlorella spp and Isochrysis spp energy consumptions were 67 and 85 W mg −1 of ammonia, respectively. Interestingly, the applied mild electrolysis condition was just sufficient to control excess algal blooming and ammonia without increasing the dissolved COD and chlorine in shrimp grow-out ponds. This minimizes operating costs due the process requiring less energy. Furthermore, it was also found that electrolysis does not lower alkalinity.  2005 Society of Chemical IndustryKeywords: ammonia removal; total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) removal; electrolysis; marine algae; energy consumption INTRODUCTIONIntensive shrimp aquaculture leads to the accumulation of large amounts of uneaten feed, feces, and metabolic wastes in pond waters and pond soils. These wastes are degraded through microbial processes to produce ammonia and other unfavorable compounds, creating an unfavorable aquatic environment for aquatic organisms.1 Shrimp pond effluents are often high in suspended and dissolved organic matter.2 This increases the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia in the pond, thus rapidly deteriorating the water quality in intensive shrimp grow-out systems. These processes then accelerate the overblooming of phytoplankton in the presence of sunlight and oxygen. Algal over-blooming and consequent algal die-off not only cause the water quality to deteriorate but also lead to the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in shrimp cultivation systems.

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“…Membrane methods, including Reverse Osmosis, (RO) and Ultra Filtration, (UF), are the most widely used types and technologies in desalination plants [1][2][3][4]. When they are applied in desalination processes, the major waste output is concentrated brine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Brine Resource Utilization in Desalination Plants

Chang¹,

Wu²,

Li³

et al. 2017

dteees

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Abstract. In this study, we utilized electrolytic catalysis technology and the concentrated brine from the Matsu Nankan Desalination Third Stage Plant to develop a brine resource utilization process, producing a multi-oxidant with disinfection efficacy, containing chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ), chlorine (Cl 2 ), ozone (O 3 ) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). This experimental result is expected to achieve waste resource utilization by using the waste concentrated brine as an electrolyte material to produce disinfectants by an electrolysis procedure. The disinfectant generated can also be used in many sterilizing processes in the plant. In the study, the optimal operational conditions were controlled at 40 ℃ for temperature and 12 V for cell voltage. 6 % NaClO 2 was added into the same brine. Under these optimum conditions, the major product became ClO 2 with a maximum concentration of 1074 mg L -1 . Comparing the disinfection efficacies between 1 ppm of commercial 10 % hypochlorous acid and the multi-oxidant produced in this study, the efficacies of hypochlorous acid and the multi-oxidant reached 28 % and 93 %. The latter was three times greater than the former. In conclusion, the multi-oxidant produced by recycling the brine from desalination plants was expected to have applicability and economic value.

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Coplanar interdigitated band electrodes for electrosynthesis. Part 4: Application to sea water electrolysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

The oxidation of formaldehyde on high overvoltage DSA type electrodes

The oxidation of formaldehyde on high overvoltage DSA type electrodes

Electrochemical removal of ammonia, chemical oxygen demand and energy consumption from aquaculture waters containing different marine algal species

A Study on Brine Resource Utilization in Desalination Plants

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