Coping With Acute Stress in Sport: Linking Athletes' Coping Style, Coping Strategies, Affect, and Motor Performance

Anshel, Mark H.; Anderson, David I.

doi:10.1080/10615800290028486

Cited by 65 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…then I will calm myself and tell myself 'I will win! '"; e.g., Anshel & Anderson, 2002;Mamassis & Dogamis, 2004;Ryska, 1998). By selecting negative inner states and coping behaviors on their own, participants could compose their if-then plans in an individualized manner, thereby specifying their most personally relevant negative inner states (in the if-component of their plans) and linking them to the most appropriate goal-directed responses (in the thencomponent of their plans).…”

Section: Implementation Intention Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We wondered whether specifying these negative inner states as critical cues in the if-component of implementation intentions and a goal-shielding response in the then-component supports staying on track under such adverse inner states. The specified goal-shielding responses were taken from research that analyzed strategies of improving one's performance during a tennis match (e.g., ignoring the noise made by the audience, focusing one's attention on the ball, engaging in relaxation behavior; see Anshel & Anderson, 2002;Mamassis & Dogamis, 2004;Ryska, 1998).…”

Section: Study 2: Controlling Inner States That Impair Sports Performmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implementation Intentions and Shielding Goal Striving From Unwanted Thoughts and Feelings

Achtziger

Gollwitzer

Sheeran

2008

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

301

224

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Forming an implementation intention or “if-then plan” promotes the attainment of different types of goals (Gollwitzer, 1999; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006). So far, research on implementation intentions has focused on the initiation of goal striving, whereas the issue of shielding of ongoing goal striving has been largely neglected. In two field experiments concerned with dieting (Study 1) and athletic goals (Study 2), goal shielding was supported by implementation intentions geared at controlling potentially interfering inner states (i.e., cravings for junk food in Study 1, and disruptive thoughts, feelings, and physiological states in Study 2). In both experiments, forming if-then plans enhanced the rate of goal attainment. Thus, implementation intention formation can be used to promote the realization of desired outcomes not only by facilitating getting started with goal striving but also by preventing goal striving from straying off course.

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Section: Implementation Intention Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study 2: Controlling Inner States That Impair Sports Performmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation Intentions and Shielding Goal Striving From Unwanted Thoughts and Feelings

Achtziger

Gollwitzer

Sheeran

2008

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

301

224

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The issue of coping with stress in sport has been studied by researchers all over the world [2,3,5,16]. The improvement of competition results requires the athlete to have better mental preparation, including a better ability to cope with stress caused by participating in a sport competition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of coping with stress and the sport results of alpine skiers and tennis players

Knittel

Guszkowska

2016

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between strategies of coping with stress caused by participating in sport competitions and the results of those competitions, as well as to differentiate the applied coping strategies according to the practiced sport discipline (tennis and alpine skiing). Material and methods:The study encompassed 83 university students (39 women and 44 men) who were participating in the Polish University Championships in tennis (n = 32) and alpine skiing (n = 51). The research was based on the Coping Inventory for Competitive Sports (CICS) questionnaire and was adapted to Polish conditions by the authors of this study. The results achieved during the competition were also recorded during the study. Results: Possibly due to the nature of their sport, the tennis players used coping actions to a greater extent than the alpine skiers, regardless of the nature of the action. The application of task-focused strategies and the lower use of emotion-focused and avoidance strategies allowed the athletes to achieve higher results during the competition. Conclusions: Task-focused strategies should be developed in order to improve the competitive results of athletes. Taking the situational nature of the coping strategies into consideration, coping strategies can be designed and modified to improve the achieved results.

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“…In the research by Yi, Smith and Vitaliano [9], female contestants from the group characterised by a higher resiliency, in comparison to those described as non-resilient, more often applied adaptive stress coping strategies (focusing on the problem, seeking social support, minimizing the threat). The relationships were opposite in case of the inadaptive strategies such like blaming others or avoiding.The results of the earlier research allow to draw a conclusion that athletes engaged in professional sport tend to display a specific method of experiencing strong stress during competitions characteristic to particular disciplines [10,11]. In this respect it seems relevant to consider various circumstances 167…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the earlier research allow to draw a conclusion that athletes engaged in professional sport tend to display a specific method of experiencing strong stress during competitions characteristic to particular disciplines [10,11]. In this respect it seems relevant to consider various circumstances 167…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resiliency and stress experience among judo and taekwondo athletes

Litwic-Kamińska¹

2013

Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts

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Researchers frequently deliberate why some people are resistant to life difficulties whereas others develop negative health effects (physical or psychical). With this respect, the notion of resiliency has been introduced as an attempt to answer this question. The majority of authors, beginning with the creators of this concept [1,2], treat resiliency as a relatively stable disposition of a unit. It is also reported that it is a resource that more often appears as a result of experiencing serious difficulties and threats by a human being, in which the unit displays signs of positive adaptation [3].According to the interactive model of stress introduced by Cerin, Szabo, Hunt and Williams [4] the functioning of an athlete in a stress situation includes the relationships between the way of the contestant's appraisal of the competition, his emotional reactions, coping and the sport performance. The conducted research indicated there are relationships between resiliency and all of the mentioned elements.With regards to the experienced reactions, the resilient people declared experiencing more positive emotions before undertaking a stressful task and during its performance. Moreover, among people with a higher level of resiliency, the physiological arousal of the body that resulted from experiencing negative emotions returned to the initial state more rapidly [5,6]. The connection of resiliency with the experience of positive emotions influences a more frequent occurrence of appraising stressful situations as challenges and less frequent -in terms of a threat [5]. Such relationships were also revealed in the studies over Olympic champions [7].Earlier reports indicate that resilient people also choose more effective and situation suited coping strategies owing to which, they are more resistant to stress and experience its less negative consequences [8]. In the research by Yi, Smith and Vitaliano [9], female contestants from the group characterised by a higher resiliency, in comparison to those described as non-resilient, more often applied adaptive stress coping strategies (focusing on the problem, seeking social support, minimizing the threat). The relationships were opposite in case of the inadaptive strategies such like blaming others or avoiding.The results of the earlier research allow to draw a conclusion that athletes engaged in professional sport tend to display a specific method of experiencing strong stress during competitions characteristic to particular disciplines [10,11]. In this respect it seems relevant to consider various circumstances 167 Resiliency and stress experience among judo and taekwondo athletes Kamila Litwic-KaminskaInstitute of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland Key words: psychological stress, coping behaviour, resiliency SummaryIntroduction. Resiliency is a resource of a unit that most often appears as a consequence of experiencing serious difficulties and threats, in which the unit displays signs of positive adaptation. The aim of this paper is to describe the resu...

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Coping With Acute Stress in Sport: Linking Athletes' Coping Style, Coping Strategies, Affect, and Motor Performance

Cited by 65 publications

References 20 publications

Implementation Intentions and Shielding Goal Striving From Unwanted Thoughts and Feelings

Implementation Intentions and Shielding Goal Striving From Unwanted Thoughts and Feelings

Strategies of coping with stress and the sport results of alpine skiers and tennis players

Resiliency and stress experience among judo and taekwondo athletes

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