Copeptin response to hypoglycemic stress is linked to prolactin activation in children

Drummond, Juliana; Soares, Beatriz Santana; Pedrosa, William; Vieira, Eliane; Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio; Ribeiro‐Oliveira, Antônio

doi:10.1007/s11102-020-01076-6

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…It is well known that the plasma levels of AVP, the endogenous V1bR agonist, are regulated by circulating blood glucose levels. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that insulininduced hypoglycemia leads to increased plasma AVP levels (35)(36)(37)(38). As expected, treatment of WT mice with insulin (0.75 U/kg i.p.)…”

Section: V1brs Contribute To Hypoglycemia/glucopenia-induced Glucagon Release In Vivosupporting

confidence: 71%

Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia

Liu¹,

Dattaroy²,

Simpson³

et al. 2021

JCI Insight

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Glucagon, a hormone released from pancreatic α cells, plays a key role in maintaining euglycemia. New insights into the signaling pathways that control glucagon secretion may stimulate the development of novel therapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated the potential regulation of α cell function by G proteins of the G q family. The use of a chemogenetic strategy allowed us to selectively activate G q signaling in mouse α cells in vitro and in vivo. Acute stimulation of α cell G q signaling led to elevated plasma glucagon levels, accompanied by increased insulin release and improved glucose tolerance. Moreover, chronic activation of this pathway greatly improved glucose tolerance in obese mice. We also identified an endogenous G q -coupled receptor (vasopressin 1b receptor; V1bR) that was enriched in mouse and human α cells. Agonist-induced activation of the V1bR strongly stimulated glucagon release in a G q -dependent fashion. In vivo studies indicated that V1bR-mediated glucagon release played a key role in the counterregulatory hyperglucagonemia under hypoglycemic and glucopenic conditions. These data indicate that α cell G q signaling represents an important regulator of glucagon secretion, resulting in multiple beneficial metabolic effects. Thus, drugs that target α cell–enriched G q -coupled receptors may prove useful to restore euglycemia in various pathophysiological conditions.

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Section: V1brs Contribute To Hypoglycemia/glucopenia-induced Glucagon Release In Vivosupporting

confidence: 71%

Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia

Liu¹,

Dattaroy²,

Simpson³

et al. 2021

JCI Insight

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“…It must be noted that the rise in copeptin levels seems consistent with the pituitary activation in response to ITT, being less marked in case of impaired anterior function [21,23]. Moreover, gender differences were observed, which lead the hypothesized interaction between sex steroids and the AVP system-mediated activation of the HPA axis, at least in adults [23], whereas in children and adolescents copeptin release has been independently associated to prolactin response after ITT [21], thus recalling the long-standing theories on copeptin as the prolactin releasing hormone [4,5].…”

Section: Stress-mediated Interaction Between Avp System and Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa) Axismentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Further confirmation on this topic is provided by the demonstration of a substantial hypoglycemiainduced copeptin increase following an insulin tolerance test (ITT), both in adults (mean peak 11.1 pmol/L [20]) and in children and adolescents (mean peak 9.7 pmol/L [21]) with preserved posterior pituitary function, as well as during a glucagon challenge, where both healthy individuals and subjects with pituitary diseases but preserved anterior function showed a parallel rise in copeptin, ACTH and Growth Hormone (GH), another peptide involved in endocrine stress response [22]. It must be noted that the rise in copeptin levels seems consistent with the pituitary activation in response to ITT, being less marked in case of impaired anterior function [21,23]. Moreover, gender differences were observed, which lead the hypothesized interaction between sex steroids and the AVP system-mediated activation of the HPA axis, at least in adults [23], whereas in children and adolescents copeptin release has been independently associated to prolactin response after ITT [21], thus recalling the long-standing theories on copeptin as the prolactin releasing hormone [4,5].…”

Section: Stress-mediated Interaction Between Avp System and Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa) Axismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, it must be noted that plasma copeptin levels are more stable than those of cortisol and ACTH throughout the day [19]. Further confirmation on this topic is provided by the demonstration of a substantial hypoglycemiainduced copeptin increase following an insulin tolerance test (ITT), both in adults (mean peak 11.1 pmol/L [20]) and in children and adolescents (mean peak 9.7 pmol/L [21]) with preserved posterior pituitary function, as well as during a glucagon challenge, where both healthy individuals and subjects with pituitary diseases but preserved anterior function showed a parallel rise in copeptin, ACTH and Growth Hormone (GH), another peptide involved in endocrine stress response [22]. It must be noted that the rise in copeptin levels seems consistent with the pituitary activation in response to ITT, being less marked in case of impaired anterior function [21,23].…”

Section: Stress-mediated Interaction Between Avp System and Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (Hpa) Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copeptin and Stress

Martino

Arnaldi

2021

Endocrines

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Vasopressin (AVP) and copeptin are released in equimolar amounts from the same precursor. Due to its molecular stability and countless advantages as compared with AVP, copeptin perfectly mirrors AVP presence and has progressively emerged as a reliable marker of vasopressinergic activation in response to osmotic and hemodynamic stimuli in clinical practice. Moreover, evidence highlighting the prognostic potential of copeptin in several acute diseases, where the activation of the AVP system is primarily linked to stress, as well as in psychologically stressful conditions, has progressively emerged. Furthermore, organic stressors induce a rise in copeptin levels which, although non-specific, is unrelated to plasma osmolality but proportional to their magnitude: suggesting disease severity, copeptin proved to be a reliable prognostic biomarker in acute conditions, such as sepsis, early post-surgical period, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular or pulmonary diseases, and even in critical settings. Evidence on this topic will be briefly discussed in this article.

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“…Copeptin increases significantly with the increase in cortisol, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormones, which are directly related to the stress response of the human body. Thus, monitoring the level of copeptin and prolactin hormones in the blood can help in detecting stress [32]. Alpha-amylase is considered to be one of the major salivary enzymes and is secreted in the saliva in response to psychological stressors [33].…”

Section: Montreal Imaging Stress Task (Mist)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biophysiological and Biochemical Indicators of Stress for Connected and Preventive Healthcare

et al. 2021

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Stress is a known contributor to several life-threatening medical conditions and a risk factor for triggering acute cardiovascular events, as well as a root cause of several social problems. The burden of stress is increasing globally and, with that, is the interest in developing effective stress-monitoring solutions for preventive and connected health, particularly with the help of wearable sensing technologies. The recent development of miniaturized and flexible biosensors has enabled the development of connected wearable solutions to monitor stress and intervene in time to prevent the progression of stress-induced medical conditions. This paper presents a review of the literature on different physiological and chemical indicators of stress, which are commonly used for quantitative assessment of stress, and the associated sensing technologies.

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Copeptin response to hypoglycemic stress is linked to prolactin activation in children

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia

Gq signaling in α cells is critical for maintaining euglycemia

Copeptin and Stress

A Review of Biophysiological and Biochemical Indicators of Stress for Connected and Preventive Healthcare

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