Coordination with zirconium: A facile approach to improve the mechanical properties and thermostability of gelatin hydrogel

Exceptionally High‐Performance Reversible Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells with Ultrathin and Defect‐Free Sm0.075Nd0.075Ce0.85O2‐δ Interlayers

“…[ 17 ] Above 40 °C, gelatin chains with a triple helix structure transform into random coils and dissolve in the solvent. [ 18 ] The gelatin solution, containing the SNDC precursors, was transparent and liquid at room temperature (top side of Figure 1b). This indicates that the metal ions were well chelated on the functional chains of the gelatin and effectively interrupted the formation of the cross‐linked gelatin molecules.…”

Highly Robust, Sensitive, Antifreezing, and Drying-Tolerant Polyacrylamide/Gelatin/Zr4+ Hydrogels as Flexible Strain Sensors

“…Zirconium salts were not common hydrogel crosslinking agents, and there were few reports on Zr 4+ -crosslinked hydrogels in the known literature, ,, let alone its application in strain sensors. Meanwhile, Zr 4+ was a rare metal ion that did not affect the transparency of the hydrogel matrix and the polymerization of monomers, so it was suitable as a conductive agent and toughening agent for hydrogel-based sensors.…”

“…The immersion method in which the pregel was incubated in a metal ion solution became mainstream because there was no need to consider adverse effects when the gel precursor solution was directly mixed with metal ions. For example, Yu et al and Zheng et al reported that Zr 4+ could bring enhancement to the mechanical properties of the hydrogels by soaking, but none of them further discussed their sensing application. Obviously, the immersion method contained disadvantages, that is, the directional diffusion inevitably formed a gradient structure in the radial direction of the hydrogel and even the formation of metal-macromolecular “egg-box” structures can further inhibit the inward diffusion of metal ions .…”

Cooperation of Zr(iv)–N and Zr(iv)–O coordinate bonds of Zr(iv)–amide ensures the transparent and tough polyacrylamide hydrogels

“…[30][31][32][33][34] Nevertheless, the construction of double network hydrogels based on Zr(IV)-coordinate bonds requires a step-by-step and timeconsuming post-crosslinking strategy. 30,31,[33][34][35] Herein, we first reported a one-pot process by which the transparent and tough PAAm hydrogels with a water content of about 70 wt% have been successfully fabricated in the presence of Zr(IV). Interestingly, the two types of coordination interaction in the Zr-PAAm hydrogels, i.e., Zr(IV)-O and Zr(IV)-N, synergically work as two types of crosslinkers in the networks.…”

“…30–34 Nevertheless, the construction of double network hydrogels based on Zr( iv )-coordinate bonds requires a step-by-step and time-consuming post-crosslinking strategy. 30,31,33–35…”