Coordination Training Model Innovation for Junior Futsal Players: Aiken’s Validity

Abstract

Coordination is one of the most critical elements for futsal players, especially for junior players. This study aimed to examine the content validity of the coordination training model for junior futsal players using a qualitative and quantitative approach. Four experts, two in the physical condition and two in futsal, joined this study as participants. The data were collected using the Delphi technique with a questionnaire scale of 1-5 as the instrument. The data obtained were then analyzed using Aiken's V formula, which helped test the content validity of the coordination training model. The study results showed that (1) the coordination training model has a V value of more than 0.880, indicating that the coordination training model was valid and (2) the concept and operational coordination training model for junior futsal players had been arranged. In summary, the coordination training model has validity above the V table value, so it can be said that this training model was reliable and could be tested further. For this training model to be stronger, it is necessary to test the empirical validity and reliability of the retest test.

Innovation in physical education: The role of cognitive factors and self-efficacy

“…Lastly, the results of H9 unveil a significant mediation of self-efficacy between the relationship of intention and innovation in physical education. In this regard, it is critical to understand that people with high self-efficacy usually are more focused on attaining their goals by adopting innovative learning tools available ( Regier, 2021 ; Miftachurochmah and Sukamti, 2022 ; Nazari and Alizadeh Oghyanous, 2022 ). Therefore, it is crucial for practitioners and researchers probing the human motivations and intentions toward goals attainment to keep a close eye on their level of self-efficacy as an important indicator of success ( Sagone and De Caroli, 2014 ; Regier, 2021 ; Bush et al, 2022 ; Elrayah, 2022 ; Lin et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Importantly, across developed nations, physical education is readily pursued to make the general public available with the opportunity to seek reliable learning. In Australia, the government has significantly provided the opportunity for learning physical education to the people because it is believed that a more reliable education would enhance the quality of life of the people effectively ( Miftachurochmah and Sukamti, 2022 ). Oppositely, the people in African countries are not provided with the opportunity for effective physical education; as a result, the American people are left behind in their ability to establish critical thinking ( Khaonuan, 2022 ).…”