Coordination of segments reorientation during on-the-spot turns in healthy older adults in eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions

Akram, Sakineh B.; Frank, James S.; Fraser, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.006

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This reduced head on trunk rotation was partly compensated by increased trunk on pelvis rotation. However this is in contrast to a study of a 90° standing turn, which found that older adults started turning their head, trunk and pelvis simultaneously 15 . This en-bloc method of segmental reorientation may be adopted to simplify the control of the movement and to minimalise the risk of imbalance.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…This gaze-centric control strategy has been demonstrated previously when turning, and suggests that aligning the head with the new travel direction prior to reorientation of the rest of the body is an important component of the steering strategy 28 . Previous research has found that older adults demonstrate an en-bloc head and trunk movement at turn initiation and then subsequently led the movement in the eyes open but not the eyes closed condition where the movement remained en-bloc 15 . This may be due to the turn being 90°, and it is possible that with the larger turn employed in the current study a higher priority was placed by the participants on looking where to turn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Differences in axial segment reorientation during standing turns predict multiple falls in older adults

et al. 2012

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Abstract:Background:The assessment of standing turning performance is proposed to predict fall risk in older adults. This study investigated differences in segmental coordination during a 360° standing turn task between older community-dwelling fallers and non-fallers. Methods:Thirty-five older adults age mean (SD) of 71 (5.4) years performed 360° standing turns.Head, trunk and pelvis position relative to the laboratory and each other were recorded using a Vicon motion analysis system. Fall incidence was monitored by monthly questionnaire over the following 12 months and used to identify non-faller, single faller and multiple faller groups. Results:Multiple fallers were found to have significantly different values, when compared to nonfallers, for pelvis onset (p=0.002); mean angular separation in the transverse plane between the head and trunk (p=0.018); peak angular separation in the transverse plane between the trunk and pelvis (p=0.013); and mean angular separation between the trunk and pelvis (p<0.001). Conclusions:Older adults who subsequently experience multiple falls show a simplified turning pattern to assist in balance control. This may be a predictor for those at increased risk of falling.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Differences in axial segment reorientation during standing turns predict multiple falls in older adults

et al. 2012

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“…The top‐down rotation sequence begins with a saccade in the new heading direction, and this anticipatory redirection of gaze is thought to be critical for initiating changes in locomotor trajectory . Without vision, axial segments rotate more slowly and more synchronously during turning . However, the top‐down rotation sequence is not affected by walking velocity or by the sharpness of the turn.…”

Section: Coordination and Consistency: The Foundations Of Dynamic Posmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dynamic control of posture across locomotor tasks

Earhart

2013

Movement Disorders

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Successful locomotion depends on postural control to establish and maintain appropriate postural orientation of body segments relative to one another and to the environment, and to ensure dynamic stability of the moving body. This paper provides a framework for considering dynamic postural control, highlighting the importance of coordination, consistency, and challenges to postural control posed by various locomotor tasks such as turning and backward walking. The impacts of aging and various movement disorders on postural control are discussed broadly in an effort to provide a general overview of the field and recommendations for assessment of dynamic postural control across different populations in both clinical and research settings. Suggestions for future research on dynamic postural control during locomotion are also provided and include discussion of opportunities afforded by new and developing technologies, the need for long-term monitoring of locomotor performance in everyday activities, gaps in our knowledge of how targeted intervention approaches modify dynamic postural control, and the relative paucity of literature regarding dynamic postural control in movement disorder populations other than Parkinson disease.

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“…When initiating a turn in normal gait, a top-down temporal sequence is shown in initiation of rotation of body segments [1][2][3][4]. In planned turns, foot placement in the preceding steps is modified to initiate the shift of the body center of mass [4][5][6], while when having to make a turn unexpectedly, subjects may stop first and only then change direction [3,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%