Coordination of a Dual-Channel Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Based on the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible Epidemic Model

Hou, Yanhong; Wang, Fan; Chen, Zhitong; Shi, Victor

doi:10.3390/ijerph17093292

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The effects of power relationships on the firm's decision-making, operation and performance have been extensively explored by scholars. Manufacturer Stackelberg, Retailer Stackelberg and Nash game models are established to investigate the influence of power structures on pricing and profit of the supply chain from the perspective of competition [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Some scholars indicated that whether a company benefits from its power force is related to the demand function and product differentiation [23][24][25].…”

Section: Power Structure In the Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some scholars indicated that whether a company benefits from its power force is related to the demand function and product differentiation [23][24][25]. Chen and Wang found that the smartphone supply chain should choose a bundled channel in Stackelberg power structures under certain conditions and select a free channel in a Nash power structure [21]. Most previous studies indicate that more power over other supply chain members enables manufacturers or retailers to obtain more profits.…”

Section: Power Structure In the Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most previous studies indicate that more power over other supply chain members enables manufacturers or retailers to obtain more profits. In addition, the total profits and social welfare of the supply chain benefit from a balanced power structure [3,[20][21][22]26,27].…”

Section: Power Structure In the Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pricing Problems in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain with Mixed Channel: A Power Perspective

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper builds Pharmaceutical Manufacturer Stackelberg, Pharmacy Stackelberg and Nash game models with and without price cap regulation. The optimal pricing, performance and social welfare are derived and compared in three different power structures to find out how price cap regulation and power structures affect the drug supply chain. More power over other supply chain members always allows the pharmaceutical manufacturer to obtain more profits. However, the pharmacy cannot always benefit from its dominant position in the market with changes in the wholesale price cap. Additionally, the balanced market structure may harm social welfare under certain conditions. Another interesting finding is that the restricted wholesale price cap deeply affects the financial performance and social welfare in the manufacturer-dominated and pharmacy-dominated markets. The research results can provide important management insights, which will be beneficial to the government to design smart price-limiting policies that take into account the power relationships of the supply chain.

show abstract

Section: Power Structure In the Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Power Structure In the Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pricing Problems in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain with Mixed Channel: A Power Perspective

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Pricing of medical services and channel selection strategies for pharmaceutical supply chain under the zero‐markup drug policy

Li,

Kong

et al. 2024

Manage Decis Econ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper studies the channel strategies of drug suppliers in the drug supply chain under the zero‐plus drug pricing policy. With the popularity of e‐commerce and online shopping, supply chain firms have begun considering expanding their business to online channels. In this paper, we construct a game model to explore the impact of the pharmaceutical supply chain's development of online channels on supply chain members. We conclude that under the zero profits policy, increasing the public hospital's public welfare level will increase the price of drugs, decrease the price of medical services, and reduce the overall cost of patients. In addition, the greater the sensitivity of medical services, the lower the likelihood that a drug supplier will open an online pharmacy, and the lower the level of public good, the greater the likelihood that a drug supplier will open an online pharmacy. In addition, under certain conditions, patients can receive a higher level of medical service and spend less on healthcare under a dual‐channel strategy. Finally, under a dual‐channel strategy, an appropriate profit‐sharing mechanism can eliminate instability in the pharmaceutical supply chain.

show abstract

Research on optimization of supply chain inventory system under contingency conditions

Yingnian,

Hao,

Jing

et al. 2024

RAIRO-Oper. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A solution combining state observer (SOB) with Discrete Sliding Mode Control (DSMC) is presented to solve the problem of inventory shortage or backlog in upstream and downstream enterprises of the supply chain caused by contingency conditions. Firstly, based on the specific sales mode of the supply chain system and the logical relationship of inventory parameters, the corresponding dynamic model of the inventory system is established under reasonable assumptions, and relevant parameters are introduced to represent the impact of contingencies, and the dynamic model of inventory system under contingencies is established with the bullwhip effect. Then, the discrete sliding mode control (SOB-DSMC) based on the state observer is designed to compensate for the impact of emergencies on the supply chain inventory system adaptively while ensuring the stability of the system. Finally, based on market research and reasonable assumptions, simulation experiments are carried out. The simulation results show that the designed control system can better cope with emergencies in different situations, and can significantly improve the supply chain within 5 days after emergencies occur. The inventory situation of upstream and downstream enterprises in the system has reduced the maximum inventory fluctuations of manufacturers, distributors, and retailers by 77.13%, 60.67%, and 44.61% respectively, and fully restored to normal operation within 20 days, effectively solving the inventory backlog of upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain and out of stock issues. It can be seen that the SOB-DSMC method can guide the upstream enterprises in the supply chain to formulate reasonable production, shipping, and purchasing strategies, and provide theoretical reference and coping methods for the supply chain system to smoothly survive emergencies.

show abstract

Coordination of a Dual-Channel Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Based on the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible Epidemic Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Pricing Problems in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain with Mixed Channel: A Power Perspective

Pricing Problems in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain with Mixed Channel: A Power Perspective

Pricing of medical services and channel selection strategies for pharmaceutical supply chain under the zero‐markup drug policy

Research on optimization of supply chain inventory system under contingency conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About