Coordinated Relationship between Compactness and Land-Use Efficiency in Shrinking Cities: A Case Study of Northeast China

Abstract

Compact development and efficient land use are effective ways to address the development dilemma and boost the vitality of shrinking cities. Moreover, it is critical to investigate the relationship between compactness and land-use efficiency in order to healthily and sustainably develop shrinking cities. This study developed an analytical framework to study the coordinated interaction between urban compactness and land-use efficiency in the context of city shrinkage. Fifteen typical shrinking cities in Northeast China were taken as an example of the phenomenon and the entropy value method and super-slack-based measure model were used to quantitatively measure the compactness and land-use efficiency. Furthermore, the coordinated development level and the coordinated relationship between the two were explored with the help of the coupled coordination degree model as well as the quadrant diagram method. The results of the study show that: (1) The overall level of compactness of 15 shrinking cities in Northeast China was low and the improvement of land-use efficiency was not obvious, while the differences of compactness and land-use efficiency between shrinking cities were significant. (2) The coordination between compactness and land-use efficiency was limited; however, the overall coordination remained intermediate, with significant spatial differences and a tendency to further expand. The problem of lagged development of land-use efficiency in shrinking cities could be characterized as serious. (3) Economic development and population size promote the coordinated development of urban compactness and land-use efficiency, whereas science and technology development, industrial structure, as well as government regulation inhibited the coordinated development of urban compactness and land-use efficiency.

Spatio-Temporal Urban Land Green Use Efficiency under Carbon Emission Constraints in the Yellow River Basin, China

“…Although, these measures are simple to calculate and easy to obtain, they cannot fully reflect the efficiency relationship between multiple factor inputs and multiple outputs in the urban land use process. Hence, the construction of a comprehensive multi-indicator evaluation system becomes the main research method for measuring ULUE, such as AHP, entropy method, and Bi-TOPSIS [25][26][27]. At the same time, there are some applications of production function measures in parametric methods, such as the Cobb-Douglas production function and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) models [28,29].…”

Identification of shrinking cities in Northeast China and spatiotemporal evolution of construction land expansion

“…中国正处于城镇化发展的中期阶段， 从逻辑推 演的角度考虑， 扩张与增长理应是城市发展的唯一 标准演替路径 [1] 。然而随着中国快速城镇化与高速 交通网络的发展， 城市极化效应不断加剧 [2] ， 不论是 经济快速发展的珠三角、 长三角、 京津冀， 还是相对 欠发达的中西部、 西南部、 东北部等地区 [1][2][3][4][5] ， 均显现 出不同程度的城市收缩现象， 收缩城市逐渐成为近 年来城市研究的焦点。但目前中国对于收缩城市 的研究集中于收缩城市的概念引介及识别方法 [1,4] 、 空间格局及模式提炼 [5][6][7] 、 驱动机制与效应分析以及 应对策略等方面 [8,9] 。在中国改革开放以来近 40 年 的经济高速发展进程中， 在以经济增长为导向的城市 规划理念指导下， 收缩城市普遍呈现出的人口流失 与空间扩张悖论现象 [10,11] ， 逐渐成为中国收缩城市亟 需解决的问题。因此， 基于中国特殊转型发展背景 下的建设用地时空演变研究仍需进一步丰富。 既有关于收缩城市建设用地的研究集中在以 下两个方面： ①以典型收缩城市为研究单元， 重点 关注收缩城市内空置与废弃住宅。其中， 部分学者 以规划政策为切入点， 探讨收缩城市空置与闲置用 地的再开发 [12] ， 还有部分学者通过应用多智能体 (MAS) 、 元胞自动机 (CA) 与系统动力学 (SD) 等模 型预测收缩城市人口对住宅或用地的需求 [13] ， 为避 市的土地利用效率， 通常选取多维指标体系， 运用 熵 值 法 [14] 、 超 效 率 SBM 模 型 [15] 、 数 据 包 络 分 析 法 (DEA) 等研究方法 [16] 衡量土地利用效率 [14,17] 。然而， 既有研究对于城市在 "收缩" 过程中其建设用地时 空演变特征、 扩张模式以及驱动机理等核心问题的 研究较为缺乏。因此， 针对城市建设用地演变问题 的阶段性、 演变规律的复杂性和演变动力的综合 性， 针对收缩城市建设用地变化趋势和内在影响机 制的研究仍需进一步拓展。 近年来， 因缺乏区位优势、 矿产资源枯竭、 改革 发展动力不足等原因 [1] ， 东北地区相继呈现出 "东北 现象" "新东北现象" 与 "后东北现象" [1] ， 导致区域内 多数城市面临经济增长停滞、 人口密度持续降低、 用地闲置等问题 [18] 指标变化学进行识别 [1] 。前者认为人口数量的变化 是区域经济发展低迷、 就业率低下、 基础设施不全 面等各种社会经济因素共同导致的综合结果， 通常 将一定时间段内人口流失的数量与下降的速度作 为衡量收缩城市的标准 [4,6] 。后者则强调收缩的综 合概念， 认为仅基于人口变化情况识别收缩城市， 尽管方法便捷， 但无法揭示除人口以外的其他发展 要素的缩减情况以及彼此间的耦合关联性 [1] ， 故通 常将人口、 经济、 社会、 空间等多维度的缩减情况作 为收缩城市判别的依据 [19] 。而城市是一个嵌于区…”

Industrial land dependence and industrial land-use efficiency: Land resources curse hypothesis and test

“…Enhancing the utilization efficiency of urban industrial land and achieving economical and intensive utilization are essential prerequisites for China's sustainable economic and social development (Luo & Peng, 2016). The conventional "seeking development through land" model (Liu et al, 2022;Liu & Chen, 2020) illustrates how local governments have long relied on their monopolistic control of the land market to consistently provide substantial industrial land at low prices (Fan & Mo, 2014). This reliance has resulted in the "resource curse" effect, whereby dependence on industrial land undermines high-quality industrial development.…”