Coordinated Regulation of Photosynthesis in Plants Increases Yield and Resistance to Different Types of Environmental Stress

Koyro, Hans‐Werner; Huchzermeyer, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812689-9.00014-5

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Photosystem function determined by leaf chlorophyll fluorescence variables is also used to evaluate the degree of environmental stress that plants experience [ 28 ]. Among the photosynthetic parameters, maximum PSII efficiency ( F v / F m ) is most frequently used as an early indicator of plant stresses [ 30 , 64 ]. The field-grown NIL leaves at the optimum temperature range (~31°C) commonly showed high F v / F m (0.82–0.84) indicating little or no stress ( Fig 4A ) [ 64 , 65 ] during our measurements taken in the mornings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of abiotic stress on stomatal aperture regulation through abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway have been well characterized [ 31 , 32 ]. Furthermore, abiotic stress often inhibits light absorption, energy distribution and electron transport that are critical for the photosystem II (PSII) activity and carbon assimilation [ 30 , 33 – 35 ]. Photosynthetic performance in cotton leaves is also affected by the environmental conditions and ultimately influences the development of fiber cell wall composed of the homopolymer of glucose, cellulose [ 6 ] and growth characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant stress responses are often measured from the leaf tissue since leaf photosynthesis is highly sensitive to sudden changes in environmental conditions and serves as a sensor of abiotic stress [26][27][28][29]. Abiotic stress reduces the leaf photosynthetic performance by inducing stomatal closure [27,28,30]. Effects of abiotic stress on stomatal aperture regulation through abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway have been well characterized [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for thermosensitivity of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) immature fiber (im) mutant via hypersensitive stomatal activity

et al. 2021

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Thickness of cotton fiber, referred to as fiber maturity, is a key determinant of fiber quality, lint yield, and textile performance. The cotton immature fiber (im) mutant has been used to study fiber maturity since its fiber is thinner than the wild type near isogeneic line (NIL), Texas Marker-1 (TM-1). The im phenotype is caused by a single recessive mutation of a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) gene that reduces the activity of mitochondrial complex I and up-regulates stress responsive genes. However, the mechanisms altering the stress responses in im mutant are not well understood. Thus, we characterized growth and gas exchange in im and TM-1 under no stress and also investigated their stress responses by comparing gas exchange and transcriptomic profiles under high temperature. Phenotypic differences were detected between the NILs in non-fiber tissues although less pronounced than the variation in fibers. At near optimum temperature (28±3°C), im maintained the same photosynthetic performance as TM-1 by means of greater stomatal conductance. In contrast, under high temperature stress (>34°C), im leaves reduced photosynthesis by decreasing the stomatal conductance disproportionately more than TM-1. Transcriptomic analyses showed that the genes involved in heat stress responses were differentially expressed between the NIL leaves. These results indicate that the im mutant previously reported to have low activity of mitochondrial complex I displays increased thermosensitivity by impacting stomatal conductance. They also support a notion that mitochondrial complex I activity is required for maintenance of optimal photosynthetic performance and acclimation of plants to high temperature stress. These findings may be useful in the future efforts to understand how physiological mechanisms play a role in determining cotton fiber maturity and may influence stress responses in other crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for thermosensitivity of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) immature fiber (im) mutant via hypersensitive stomatal activity

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to the removal of unwanted material, a vital function of autophagy is the recycling of organic material as a substrate for essential cell functions. Autophagy activity is strictly controlled by several factors, including messengers and final products of signaling pathways, such as ABA, ethylene, and ROS [96]. Plant species do not only differ in metabolic activity and the pattern of expressed genes.…”

Section: Ros In Signaling Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Pathway of Natural Antioxidants, Antioxidant Enzymes and ROS Providence

et al. 2022

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Based on the origin, we can classify different types of stress. Environmental factors, such as high light intensity, adverse temperature, drought, or soil salinity, are summarized as abiotic stresses and discriminated from biotic stresses that are exerted by pathogens and herbivores, for instance. It was an unexpected observation that overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common response to all kinds of stress investigated so far. With respect to applied aspects in agriculture and crop breeding, this observation allows using ROS production as a measure to rank the stress perception of individual plants. ROS are important messengers in cell signaling, but exceeding a concentration threshold causes damage. This requires fine-tuning of ROS production and degradation rates. In general, there are two options to control cellular ROS levels, (I) ROS scavenging at the expense of antioxidant consumption and (II) enzyme-controlled degradation of ROS. As antioxidants are limited in quantity, the first strategy only allows temporarily buffering of a certain cellular ROS level. This way, it prevents spells of eventually damaging ROS concentrations. In this review, we focus on the second strategy. We discuss how enzyme-controlled degradation of ROS integrates into plant metabolism. Enzyme activities can be continuously operative. Cellular homeostasis can be achieved by regulation of respective gene expression and subsequent regulation of the enzyme activities. A better understanding of this interplay allows for identifying traits for stress tolerance breeding of crops. As a side effect, the result also may be used to identify cultivation methods modifying crop metabolism, thus resulting in special crop quality.

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“…Photosynthesis is a decisive point of attack and, at the same time, the key process controlling plant growth and development and thus crop yield. Water shortage, for example, can reduce photosynthesis in plants through stomatal and non-stomatal limitations [25], but the coordinated regulation of photosynthesis in plants can increase biomass production and resistance to environmental stress [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Biochar Application at Water Shortage on Biochemical and Physiological Processes in Medicago ciliaris

Gharred

Derbali

et al. 2022

Plants

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The application of biochar is mostly used to improve soil fertility, water retention capacity and nutrient uptake. The present study was conducted in order to study the impact of biochar at water deficiency conditions on the physiological and biochemical processes of Medicago ciliaris seedlings. Seedlings were cultivated under greenhouse conditions in pots filled with a mixture of soil and sand mixed in the presence or absence of 2% biochar. Plants of uniform size were subjected after a pretreatment phase (72 days) either to low (36% water holding capacity, water potential low) or high soil water potential (60% water holding capacity, water potential high). Pots were weighed every day to control and maintain a stable water holding capacity. In Medicago ciliaris, drought led to a significant reduction in plant growth and an increase in the root/shoot ratio. The growth response was accompanied by a decreased stomatal conductance and a reduction of the net CO2 assimilation rate and water use efficiency. The associated higher risk of ROS production was indicated by a high level of lipid peroxidation, high antioxidant activities and high proline accumulation. Soil amendment with biochar enhanced the growth significantly and supported the photosynthetic apparatus of Medicago ciliaris species by boosting chlorophyll content and Anet both under well and insufficient watered plants and water use efficiency in case of water shortage. This increase of water use efficiency was correlated with the biochar-mediated decrease of the MDA and proline contents in the leaves buffering the impact of drought on photosynthetic apparatus by increasing the activity of enzymatic antioxidants SOD, APX, GPOX and GR and non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as AsA and DHAsA, giving the overall picture of a moderate stress response. These results confirmed the hypothesis that biochar application significantly reduces both the degree of stress and the negative impact of oxidative stress on Medicago ciliaris plants. These results implied that this species could be suitable as a cash pasture plant in the development of agriculture on dry wasteland in a future world of water shortages.

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Coordinated Regulation of Photosynthesis in Plants Increases Yield and Resistance to Different Types of Environmental Stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 114 publications

Evidence for thermosensitivity of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) immature fiber (im) mutant via hypersensitive stomatal activity

Evidence for thermosensitivity of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) immature fiber (im) mutant via hypersensitive stomatal activity

Metabolic Pathway of Natural Antioxidants, Antioxidant Enzymes and ROS Providence

Impact of Biochar Application at Water Shortage on Biochemical and Physiological Processes in Medicago ciliaris

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