Coordinated regulation of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron glutamate decarboxylase activity by multiple elements under different pH

Liu, Shujun; Wen, Bin; Du, Guoming; Wang, Yulu; Ma, Xingxiao; Yu, Huan; Zhang, Jingjian; Fan, Shilong; Zhou, Huan; Xin, Fengjiao

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134436

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Unlike oligomeric conformations, the kinetic parameters of BfGAD WT vary from previously investigated prokaryotic GADs 44,57,61,63,72,73 . We find that BfGAD WT is an allosteric enzyme, displaying a positive cooperativity with the substrate L-glutamate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…2). Most microbial GADs are functionally active as dimers, with residues from both monomers contributing to the active site 44,53,57,61 . Recently, structure of glutamate decarboxylase from Bacteroides thetaiotamicron ( Bt GAD), bound with a substrate analog (glutarate) was solved 57 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most microbial GADs are functionally active as dimers, with residues from both monomers contributing to the active site 44,53,57,61 . Recently, structure of glutamate decarboxylase from Bacteroides thetaiotamicron ( Bt GAD), bound with a substrate analog (glutarate) was solved 57 . With these available structures, we aligned the substrate analog (glutarate) bound structures of Ec GAD A (PDB ID 1XEY) and Bt GAD (PDB ID 7X51) with Bf GAD WT dimer created with AlphaFold2 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of versatile neuromodulatory molecules by a gut microbial glutamate decarboxylase

Dadi,

Pauling,

Shrivastava

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Dysbiosis of the microbiome correlates with many neurological disorders, yet very little is known about the chemistry that controls the production of neuromodulatory molecules by gut microbes. Here, we found that an enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (BfGAD) of a gut microbeBacteroides fragilisforms multiple neuromodulatory molecules such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), hypotaurine, taurine, homotaurine, and β-alanine. We evolvedBfGAD and doubled its taurine productivity. Additionally, we increased its specificity towards the substrate L-glutamate. Here, we provide a chemical strategy via which theBfGAD activity could be fine-tuned. In future, this strategy could be used to modulate the production of neuromodulatory molecules by gut microbes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of versatile neuromodulatory molecules by a gut microbial glutamate decarboxylase

Dadi,

Pauling,

Shrivastava

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The production of GABA and the activity of GAD are intricately linked. Liu et al (2023) concluded that the optimum pH for GAD is 3.6, while the ideal pH values may vary somewhat depending on the source of GAD, it generally functions more effectively under acidic conditions. We deduce that L. plantarum R1 creates a conducive acidic environment, thereby enhancing the activity and expression of GAD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and characterization of lactic acid bacteria and fermentation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-enriched bamboo shoots

Chen,

Xia,

Zuo

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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In order to produce fermented bamboo shoots with functional properties, two strains of lactic acid bacteria were selected for inoculation and fermentation. One strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum R1, exhibited prominent potential probiotic properties (including gastrointestinal condition tolerance, adhesion ability, antimicrobial ability, and antibiotic resistance), while the other, Levilactobacillus brevis R2, demonstrated the capability of high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production (913.99 ± 14.2 mg/L). The synergistic inoculation of both strains during bamboo shoot fermentation led to a remarkable increase in GABA content (382.31 ± 12.17 mg/kg), surpassing that of naturally fermented bamboo shoots by more than 4.5 times and outperforming mono-inoculated fermentation. Simultaneously, the nitrite content was maintained at a safe level (5.96 ± 1.81 mg/kg). Besides, inoculated fermented bamboo shoots exhibited an increased crude fiber content (16.58 ± 0.04 g/100 g) and reduced fat content (0.39 ± 0.02 g/100 g). Sensory evaluation results indicated a high overall acceptability for the synergistically inoculated fermented bamboo shoots. This study may provide a strategy for the safe and rapid fermentation of bamboo shoots and lay the groundwork for the development of functional vegetable products enriched with GABA.

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“…Such bacterium is an obligate anaerobic species, a common human gut commensal–opportunistic pathogen, whose genome contains a relevant number of polysaccharide digestion-associated genes, making it able to hydrolyze most biological glycosidic bonds [ 99 ]. In addition, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron enacts a decarboxylase action on glutamate, a neurotransmitter, converting it into γ-aminobutyric acid, which has a relevant role in in gut–brain axis homeostasis [ 100 ]. Moreover, obese patients display an inverse correlation between blood bacterial load and glutamate concentration.…”

Section: Microbial Metabolites Identification In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Potential of the Human Blood Microbiome: Are We Dreaming or Awake?

Sciarra

Franceschini

Campolo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Human blood has historically been considered a sterile environment. Recently, a thriving microbiome dominated by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla was detected in healthy blood. The localization of these microbes is restricted to some blood cell populations, particularly the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and erythrocytes. It was hypothesized that the blood microbiome originates from the skin–oral–gut axis. In addition, many studies have evaluated the potential of blood microbiome dysbiosis as a prognostic marker in cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, severe liver fibrosis, severe acute pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases. The present review aims to summarize current findings and most recent evidence in the field.

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Coordinated regulation of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron glutamate decarboxylase activity by multiple elements under different pH

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Synthesis of versatile neuromodulatory molecules by a gut microbial glutamate decarboxylase

Synthesis of versatile neuromodulatory molecules by a gut microbial glutamate decarboxylase

Screening and characterization of lactic acid bacteria and fermentation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-enriched bamboo shoots

The Diagnostic Potential of the Human Blood Microbiome: Are We Dreaming or Awake?

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