Coordinate loss of glucocorticoid responsiveness by intestinal enzymes during postnatal development

Henning, Susan J.; Leeper, Lucy L.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1982.242.2.g89

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The containers were reweighed to the nearest 0.1 mg and stored at -20" C. Analyses. After homogenization in deionized water, the mucosa was assayed for lactase, sucrase, and maltase activities as previously described (14,15). In brief, after the homogenate was incubated at 37" C with the appropriate substrate, the liberated glucose was measured using a glucose oxidase reagent (Worthington Statzyme 500, Cooper Biomedical, Freehold, NJ).…”

Section: Animals Hanford Miniature Pigs (Charles River Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Miniature Pig as an Animal Model for the Study of Intestinal Enzyme Development

1988

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ABSTRAm. Studies of intestinal enzyme development and regulation relevant to the human infant require an animal model with a rate of maturation similar to that of the human infant. Hanford miniature pigs were weaned at 3 days of age to a standard swine weaning formula. At 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 wk of age, duodenal jejunal, and ileal segments were analyzed for protein content and lactase, sucrase, maltase, glucoamylase, and acid P-galactosidase activities. Protein content of the small intestine changed significantly with age only in the ileum ( p < 0.05). Lactase activity fell significantly with age in all segments of the small intestine ( p < 0.001); activity was highest in the jejunum. Sucrase and maltase activities were present in all segments of the small intestine at 1 wk of age. Sucrase increased significantly (2-fold, p < 0.02) with age only in the ileum and maltase increased significantly with age in the jejunum (by 50%, p < 0.05) and the ileum (3-fold, p < 0.001). Activities were highest in the jejunum. Glucoamylase activity was present at 1 wk of age and showed a small but significant increase with age only in the duodenum ( p < 0.005). Acid 8-galactosidase activity demonstrated small but significant decreases with age in all small intestinal segments. Glucoamylase and acid 0-galactosidase activities were similar in all segments. In the 6-wk-old pigs, activities of all the enzymes tested were similar to those found in young human infants. Our data demonstrate that the small intestinal enzyme development of the infant miniature pig is more advanced postnatally than other more commonly used animal species. The degree of small intestinal maturation and the similar intestinal enzyme distribution compared with that of the human infant suggest that the infant miniature pig is an excellent model for studies of intestinal enzyme development and regulation. (Pediatr Res 23: 311-315,1988) Abbreviation PCMB, P-chloromercuribenzoate Clinically relevant studies of the development and regulation of intestinal enzymes in the human infant have been hampered

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Section: Animals Hanford Miniature Pigs (Charles River Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Miniature Pig as an Animal Model for the Study of Intestinal Enzyme Development

1988

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“…Some studies have found that the effects of a short (2-3day) undernourishment on digestive function in altricial birds can be compensated for relatively quickly (Lepczyk et al, 1998;Brzęk and Konarzewski, 2004) (but see Konarzewski et al, 1996). However, in many organisms the responsiveness of digestive physiology to external factors decreases during ontogeny (Henning and Leeper, 1982;Toloza and Diamond, 1990), which can limit the potential for reversible plasticity after fledging. Similarly, in some organisms even a very short period of diet manipulation may permanently influence digestive physiology (Geurden et al, 2007) (see also Patel and Srinivasan, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully reversible phenotypic plasticity of digestive physiology in young house sparrows: lack of long-term effect of early diet composition

Brzęk

Kohl

Caviedes‐Vidal

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYFeeding conditions during the nestling period may significantly affect whole-life fitness in altricial birds but little is known about the physiological mechanisms responsible for these effects. Permanent changes (irreversible developmental plasticity) in digestive physiology caused by the neonatal diet may form such a mechanism. We previously showed that the lack of starch in the diet of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) nestlings between 3 and 12days post-hatching significantly decreased the activity of intestinal maltase, an enzyme essential for starch digestion. To check whether diet-induced variation in maltase activity in young house sparrows is reversible, we raised them under laboratory conditions from 3 until 30days of age on diets with either 0% starch or 25% starch, with some individuals experiencing a switch in their assigned diet at 12days of age. We found evidence for the presence of an internal, presumably genetic, program for changes in the activity of maltase and sucrase, which was, however, significantly affected by diet composition (i.e. environmental factor). Digestive enzyme activity in 30day old birds was not influenced by diet composition prior to day12 but instead depended only on diet that was fed between days 12 and 30. We conclude that plasticity in the activity of intestinal disaccharidases in house sparrow nestlings represents completely reversible phenotypic flexibility that can help young sparrows to cope with unpredictable variation in food composition during ontogeny without long-term effects on their digestive system. However, comparison with other species suggests that the magnitude of digestive flexibility in young passerines may be evolutionarily matched to species-specific variation in feeding conditions.

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“…Hence, it is known that gastrointestinal (GI) synthesis of alkaline phosphatase in mice was increased by cortisone (Moog, 1953) or corticotrophin (ACTH) (Moog and Ford, 1957), and decreased after adrenalectomy (Moog, 1953) or hypophysectomy (Hinni and Watterson, 1963). Henning and Leeper (1982) and Arsenault and Menard (1984) reported that hydrocortisone induced the appearance of sucrase activity and increased activities of trehalase, glucoamylase, lactase and alkaline phosphates in the small intestine of the suckling rodents. Hydrocortisone also acts directly on the differentiation 694 J. TUR et al of the intestinal brush border membrane of the mouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glucocorticoids on gastrointestinal emptying in young broilers

Tur

Esteban²,

Rayó³

et al. 1989

British Poultry Science

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1. The rates of gastrointestinal (GI) emptying of 8- and 15-d-old chickens treated with 17-hydroxycorticosterone was measured using 14C-polyethylene glycol-4000. 2. The rate of progression of intraluminal contents along the GI tract was decreased by 17-hydroxycorticosterone in both 8- and 15-d-old chickens. Glucocorticoid treatment only delayed the rate of progression of intraluminal contents along the large intestine of the older birds. 3. Delayed transit of intraluminal contents could be explained by a precocious maturation of chick GI tract, induced by glucocorticoids. Loss of responsiveness to glucocorticoids occurs during the second week after hatching, except in the large intestine.

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Coordinate loss of glucocorticoid responsiveness by intestinal enzymes during postnatal development

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

The Miniature Pig as an Animal Model for the Study of Intestinal Enzyme Development

The Miniature Pig as an Animal Model for the Study of Intestinal Enzyme Development

Fully reversible phenotypic plasticity of digestive physiology in young house sparrows: lack of long-term effect of early diet composition

Effect of glucocorticoids on gastrointestinal emptying in young broilers

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