“…The fluoride cubic elpasolite Cs 2 NaYF 6 is isostructural with the chloride elpasolite Cs 2 NaYCl 6 , that has been extensively studied as an low phonon energy host for optically active ions of 3d, 4f and 5f elements, for example Er 3 þ [14,15]. In particular, Cs 2 NaYCl 6 crystals doubly doped with Er 3 þ and Yb 3 þ have been studied as the near-IR-to-visible frequency converters [16,17] based on photon upconversion processes [18].…”