Cooperative Learning Principles Enhance Online Interaction1

Abstract

Principles to Enhance Online InteractionWhen many people think about computers, tablets, smartphones and other Informational Technology (IT) devices, they picture individuals alone seemingly fixed to the screens and keyboards of their devices. Similarly, when people think of students using those devices for learning, they imagine the students alone, perhaps at desks or tables in their homes, far from their classmates. However, such images of individualised involvement with electronic learning tools often fail to look below the surface. In reality, students are often using their devices to interact with others, and frequently those others are their fellow students.The purpose of this paper is to share ideas for facilitating and enhancing those student-student online interactions. These ideas flow from a learning technology known variously as cooperative learning (Johnson & Johnson, 2013) or collaborative learning (Bruffee, 1993). In this paper, the neutral abbreviation 'CL' will be used. The paper begins with background information on CL, including supporting learning theories and research, as well as a definition. The main section of the paper explains eight CL principles, including what each principle means, why it is important and how it can be applied in IT environments.

Revealing at-risk learning patterns and corresponding self-regulated strategies via LSTM encoder and time-series clustering

“…One possible intervention for R 2 students would be the use of small group discussions (Stokoe, 2000). Jacobs and Seow (2015) suggested that the best group size is two members with more opportunities to be active. The instructor’s social presence is another strategy to foster online discussions.…”

Improving Assessment and Evaluation Strategies on Online Learning

“…One of the instructional strategies that engage the students during online learning is cooperative learning (Ivone et al 2020;Jacobs & Seow 2015). Yamagata-Lynch ( 2014) recommended that teachers need to conduct small group meetings to help students feel connected with their friends with the support of the teachers.…”

“…In addition to that, Ivone, Jacobs, and Renandya (2020) suggested that cooperative learning be used to provide students with cooperative skills and communication technology skills. Jacobs and Seow (2015) proposed eight principles to improve students' interaction in online setting: heterogenous grouping, teaching collaborative skills, maximum peer interactions, equal opportunity to participate, individual accountability, positive interdependence, and cooperative as a value. Jacobs and Seow (2015) suggested that, in addition to the principles teachers need to be familiar with the information and communication technologies and collaborative application such as Google Docs and collaborative mind mapping applications.…”

“…Jacobs and Seow (2015) proposed eight principles to improve students' interaction in online setting: heterogenous grouping, teaching collaborative skills, maximum peer interactions, equal opportunity to participate, individual accountability, positive interdependence, and cooperative as a value. Jacobs and Seow (2015) suggested that, in addition to the principles teachers need to be familiar with the information and communication technologies and collaborative application such as Google Docs and collaborative mind mapping applications. Similar to Jacobs and Seow (2015), drawn from the theory of social interdependence theory, Johnson and Johnson (2009) proposed five principles of cooperative learning: positive interdependence, individual accountability, promotive interactions, appropriate use of social skills, and group processing.…”

“…Jacobs and Seow (2015) suggested that, in addition to the principles teachers need to be familiar with the information and communication technologies and collaborative application such as Google Docs and collaborative mind mapping applications. Similar to Jacobs and Seow (2015), drawn from the theory of social interdependence theory, Johnson and Johnson (2009) proposed five principles of cooperative learning: positive interdependence, individual accountability, promotive interactions, appropriate use of social skills, and group processing. Without the establishment of cooperative learning principles, it is hard to carry out cooperative learning successfully (Johnson & Johnson 2009).…”