Cooperative Fusion Architecture-based Distributed Spectrum Sensing Under Rayleigh Fading Channel

Abstract

Cognitive radio (CR) is one of the most promising technology soon due to the scarcity of the spectrum, especially at microwave band. CR faces massive resistance from the industry because of the potential interference caused by the secondary users. Spectrum sensing forms an important functionality for CR systems. However, such detection performance is usually compromised by shadowing and fading channel conditions. Cooperative sensing is one of the crucial solutions to overcome degraded detection performance. To improve the sensing performance and reduce the reporting error, a distributed architecture for processing and fusion of sensing information is proposed in this work. In dense network scenarios, the decision fusion for cooperated users could be complex and reported sensing traffic may require large bandwidth. This paper proposes a new distributed detection and adapted threshold based on controlled false alarm probability to improve sensing reliability and efficiency in a highly Rayleigh faded environment. A distributed detection is developed by selecting fusion nodes (FN) that are dynamically selected from a group of nodes. The detection threshold is calculated adaptively using the link quality indicator (LQI) of the sensing channel. Moreover, the proposed method can significantly minimize the typically transmitted bits in the reporting channel. The paper also discussed in detail the design parameter of the CR number on the performance of fusion values. The simulation analysis shows that the performance of the distributed cooperative sensing (DCS) process is considerably improved by the adapted threshold.The numerical results demonstrated that the error was remarkably minimized. The ROC curve of the sensing process is notably improved for detection probability and false alarm probability, respectively. Finally, it was shown that the requirement of sensitivity can be greatly improved up to 0.95.

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