Cooperative and competitive behaviour among passengers during the costa concordia disaster

Bartolucci, Andrea; Casareale, Cristina; Drury, John

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105055

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Alternatively, actions considered to be prosocial may in fact be strategies that also maximize one's own immediate benefits, either because social contact is in itself reassuring and a primitive need (Dezecache et al, 2017;Dezecache, Frith, et al, 2020;Mawson, 2005Mawson, , 2017 or because we flexibly adjust behavior as the function of contextual features and use prosocial strategies when they are immediately more profitable than non-social or self-preservative ones (e.g. possible escape, see Dezecache, Martin, et al, 2020; but see also Bartolucci et al, 2021).…”

Section: Prosocial Behavior and Altruism Displayed By Adults In An Emergency Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another recent study examined court hearings from direct witnesses of the Costa Concordia disaster in Italy in November 2012 in which a cruise ship sank after a collision with an underwater rock (Bartolucci et al, 2021). A majority of passengers left their cabins and decided to evacuate, against crew instructions.…”

Section: Prosocial Behavior and Altruism Displayed By Adults In An Emergency Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, some particular features of the environment such as the perceived rarity of lifeboats may have promoted competitive behavior among victims. Generally, however, cooperation was the norm (Bartolucci et al, 2021).…”

Section: Prosocial Behavior and Altruism Displayed By Adults In An Emergency Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Emergency of Prosociality: a developmental perspective on altruism and human prosocial behavior in the face of disaster

Rose¹,

Dezecache²,

Powell³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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No two emergency situations are the same. A combination of human and contextual factors makes each emergency and disaster event unique in its timeline, its aftermath, and especially its impact on affected populations. Common to these situations, however, is a demonstration of prosocial behavior intended to benefit other victims. Can shared features of emergencies, viewed through the lens of evolutionary, cognitive, developmental and social psychology shed light on these prosocial and altruistic actions? In this narrative review, we survey the onset of prosociality and altruistic behavior in typical human development, and we focus on how it is expressed in emergency situations. We consider how prosociality shifts and adapts in the specific context of a pandemic. Finally, we suggest that a multidisciplinary research approach may help overcome methodological limitations and achieve more comprehensive understanding of prosociality’s underlying mechanisms in emergency contexts.

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Section: Prosocial Behavior and Altruism Displayed By Adults In An Emergency Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prosocial Behavior and Altruism Displayed By Adults In An Emergency Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Emergency of Prosociality: a developmental perspective on altruism and human prosocial behavior in the face of disaster

Rose¹,

Dezecache²,

Powell³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the abovementioned accounts have clear merits, one pending issue is their monolithic view of danger (but see [ 13 ]). In some cases (e.g., a mass shooting), the threat is highly mobile, such that social responses to danger are moment-to-moment responses to changing circumstances, rather than circumstances-independent sequences of behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The view that the very physical situations people are in shape their social responses during emergencies has gained interest in recent studies. For instance, Bartolucci and colleagues found that competitive behavior could occur during the wrecking of the Costa Concordia, in particular in the vicinity of safety boats [ 13 ]. This is overall consistent with the neuroscience and cognitive sciences literature that describe modulations of reactions to danger according to its proximity and escapability [ 14 – 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature and determinants of social actions during a mass shooting

et al. 2021

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Reactions to danger have been depicted as antisocial but research has shown that supportive behaviors (e.g., helping injured others, giving information or reassuring others) prevail in life-threatening circumstances. Why is it so? Previous accounts have put the emphasis on the role of psychosocial factors, such as the maintenance of social norms or the degree of identification between hostages. Other determinants, such as the possibility to escape and distance to danger may also greatly contribute to shaping people’s reactions to deadly danger. To examine the role of those specific physical constraints, we interviewed 32 survivors of the attacks at ‘Le Bataclan’ (on the evening of 13-11-2015 in Paris, France). Consistent with previous findings, supportive behaviors were frequently reported. We also found that impossibility to egress, minimal protection from danger and interpersonal closeness with other crowd members were associated with higher report of supportive behaviors. As we delved into the motives behind reported supportive behaviors, we found that they were mostly described as manifesting cooperative (benefits for both interactants) or altruistic (benefits for other(s) at cost for oneself) tendencies, rather than individualistic (benefits for oneself at cost for other(s)) ones. Our results show that supportive behaviors occur during mass shootings, particularly if people cannot escape, are under minimal protection from the danger, and feel interpersonal closeness with others. Crucially, supportive behaviors underpin a diversity of motives. This last finding calls for a clear-cut distinction between the social strategies people use when exposed to deadly danger, and the psychological motivations underlying them.

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At the Centre of the Attack: From Individual Fear to Mutual Assistance

Dezecache

2022

Facing Terrorism in France

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Cooperative and competitive behaviour among passengers during the costa concordia disaster

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

The Emergency of Prosociality: a developmental perspective on altruism and human prosocial behavior in the face of disaster

The Emergency of Prosociality: a developmental perspective on altruism and human prosocial behavior in the face of disaster

Nature and determinants of social actions during a mass shooting

At the Centre of the Attack: From Individual Fear to Mutual Assistance

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