Coopération réglementaire et accords de commerce

Abstract

L’une des grandes particularités du régionalisme de troisième génération est d’inclure des mécanismes institutionnels destinés à rapprocher les systèmes réglementaires des participants. Deux accords, l’aecg et le ptp, ont été conclus récemment et tous deux comprennent un chapitre spécifique sur la coopération en matière de réglementation. Ce thème figure également à l’ordre du jour des négociations commerciales entre les États-Unis et l’Union européenne. Il en est le sujet principal, et la principale pierre d’achoppement. Notre article montre le lien qui existe entre les dispositions touchant aux réglementations contenues dans ces nouveaux accords et les débats sur la coopération réglementaire qui se font à d’autres niveaux, notamment à l’omc et à l’ocde. Il revient aussi sur les nouveaux paramètres de cette coopération et compare les dispositions réglementaires contenues dans les textes des deux accords dont nous disposons.

Enduring disembeddedness? Understanding the persistence of trade disconnects in US digital trade policy

“…As explained earlier, the importance of institutions in trade policy-making is now well established but remains to this day largely dominated by a free trade vs. protectionism dichotomy. This means that institutionalism has not taken stock of recent trends in trade policies, namely the growing importance of (de)regulatory questions (Deblock & Wells, 2017;Velut, 2018;Young, 2017), the enforcement turn, and the digitalization of global trade. Yet, as comparative political economists have shown, if international political economy factors force institutions to adapt, change is also endogenous to each nation's institutional apparatus (Hall & Thelen, 2009).…”

CETA, an Innovative Agreement with Many Unsettled Trajectories

“…Pluralism is also a key element (Deblock & Wells, 2017). The cooperative di-Open Journal of Political Science alogue is not limited to the regulatory and regulatory agencies alone; it is extended to "private entities".…”

“…Yet, the real innovation is not in those areas per se, but in the fact that it introduces international regulatory cooperation into the body of the text and put in place institutional mechanisms combining dialogue and trade obligations with regards to regulations and governance issues. It does so by introducing a chapter on regulatory cooperation as well as the institutionalization of regulatory forums, including a civil society forum involved in the implementation process of chapters dealing with sustainable development, labor and the environment (Deblock & Wells, 2017).…”

Amidst a Global Trade War: China, Japan and the United States and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for a Transpacific Partnership

“…According to the famous "smile curve" (Figure 1 procurement, the CPTPP draws its originality from the emphasis placed on production conditions by devolving chapters on cross-cutting issues such as sustainable development, the digital economy and labour (Deblock & Lebullenger, 2018). But above all, according to Christian Deblock and Guy-Philippe Wells, the CPTTP adds another layer of complexity with the inclusion of institutional regulatory harmonization mechanisms aimed at interoperability and interconnection that goes much further than just integration, the traditional leitmotif of trade agreements (Deblock & Wells, 2018). If the aim is to ensure the de-compartmentalization of territories and markets (95% of tariff lines will eventually be reduced to zero in the CPTPP), the agreement aims above all at greater fluidity along value and production chains and the formation of transnational enterprises networks.…”