Cooling ventilation at farrowing for sows from first to third parturition

Watanabe, Pedro Henrique; Azevedo, Tatianne Alexandre; Silva, Margarita Augusto do Nascimento; Oliveira, Nathalia Martins; Gomes, Thalles Ribeiro; Andrade, Tiago Silva; Filho, José Antônio Delfino Barbosa

doi:10.14295/cs.v9i4.1098

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Rectal temperature is higher in sows particularly during lactation due to an increase in their metabolic activities that generate more heat, leading to an increase in respiratory rate [27,30,31]. The lower rectal temperature and respiratory rate observed by employing the AC, CP, and LWT systems is consistent with the report by Watanabe et al [32], according to which a reduced rectal temperature and respiratory frequency is observed in farrowing sows while using an evaporative cooling system. A similar study by Jeon et al [33] reported that supplying lactating sows with cold water (10℃ or 15℃) decreases respiration rate and rectal temperature by about 20% and 0.8%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of various cooling methods and drinking water temperatures on reproductive performance and behavior in heat stressed sows

Tajudeen¹,

Moturi²,

Hosseindoust³

et al. 2022

J Anim Sci Technol

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of multiple cooling systems and different drinking water temperatures (DWT) on the performance of sows and their hair cortisol levels during heat stress. In this study, the effect of four different cooling systems: air conditioner (AC), cooling pad (CP), snout cooling (SC), and mist spray (MS), and two DWT, namely low water temperature (LWT) and high water temperature (HWT) on 48 multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 242.84 ± 2.89 kg) was tested. The experiment is based on the use of eight replicas during a 21-days test. Different behaviors were recorded under different cooling treatments in sows. As a result, behaviors such as drinking, standing, and position change were found to be lower in sows under the AC and CP treatments than in those under the SC and MS treatments. Lying behavior increased under the AC and CP systems as compared with that under the SC and MS, systems. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) in sows and weight at weaning in piglets was higher under the AC, CP, and LWT treatments than under the SC, MS and HWT treatments. Sows subjected to SC and MS treatment showed higher hair cortisol levels, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate during lactation than those under AC and CP treatments. Hair cortisol levels, rectal temperature, and respiratory rate were also higher under the HWT than under the LWT treatment. As per the results of this study, the LWT has no significant effect on any of the behavioral factors. Taken together, the use of AC and CP cooling treatment is highly recommended to improve the behavior and to reduce the stress levels in lactating sows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of various cooling methods and drinking water temperatures on reproductive performance and behavior in heat stressed sows

Tajudeen¹,

Moturi²,

Hosseindoust³

et al. 2022

J Anim Sci Technol

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“…An evaporative-cooling pads system is often used to decrease the air-stream temperature in zone-cooling technology [ 6 , 10 , 64 , 65 ]. Justino et al [ 6 ] used air of velocity above 3 m/s, cooled by an evaporative-pad system, distributed around group of lactating sows (through plastic ducts with holes in it).…”

Section: Cooling Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the other experiment [ 65 ], comparison of physiological parameters of sows at first, second and third parturition was carried out. The females were kept in a building with natural ventilation alone (cross-ventilated, open side-wall building) or additionally exposed to a cooling system (front part of the animal body subjected to air stream of 10 m/s, additionally supported by evaporative pads).…”

Section: Cooling Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Different Cooling Methods in Pig Facilities to Alleviate the Effects of Heat Stress—A Review

Godyń

Herbut

Angrecka

et al. 2020

Animals

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An increase in the frequency of hot periods, which has been observed over the past decades, determines the novel approach to livestock facilities improvement. The effects of heat stress are revealed in disorders in physiological processes, impaired immunity, changes in behaviour and decreases in animal production, thus implementation of cooling technologies is a key factor for alleviating these negative consequences. In pig facilities, various cooling methods have been implemented. Air temperature may be decreased by using adiabatic cooling technology such as a high-pressure fogging system or evaporative pads. In modern-type buildings large-surface evaporative pads may support a tunnel ventilation system. Currently a lot of attention has also been paid to developing energy- and water-saving cooling methods, using for example an earth-air or earth-to-water heat exchanger. The pigs’ skin surface may be cooled by using sprinkling nozzles, high-velocity air stream or conductive cooling pads. The effectiveness of these technologies is discussed in this article, taking into consideration the indicators of animal welfare such as respiratory rate, skin surface and body core temperature, performance parameters and behavioural changes.

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“…The complexity of the subject is also emphasized by the animals' sensitive heat exchange mechanisms including radiation, conduction, and convection, or preferably in the latent form under high temperature conditions, through panting (Watanabe et al, 2018). Thus, their preferred heat exchange mechanisms are mainly dependent on dry bulb temperature (T), air velocity (V air), direct and indirect radiation and, finally, the amount of water in air mass (Forcada & Abecia, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Sounds Produced by Pigs to Identify Thermoneutrality Zones for Thermal Environment Assessment Ratios

et al. 2020

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Although dry bulb temperature (T) is the environmental variable most commonly used to classify thermal comfort in pigs, environmental assessment ratios provide more accurate information. The objective of this study was to correlate the sound pressure levels (SPL) produced by piglet vocalization with the thermal environment observed during the nursery phase, and subsequently establish thermoneutrality ranges. The experiment was conducted on a pig farm where T, relative humidity (RH), and SPL data were recorded between 9 am-5 pm for 42 days. The association between SPL and T in nursery phase piglets was verified; for thermal comfort to be possible, SPLs were 56.3 to 60.3 dB. The SPLs were subsequently used in predictor equations of ratios, and thermal comfort ranges were 74.4-78.3 for temperature and humidity ratio (THI), and 71.6-75.8 for globe temperature and humidity ratio (BGHI). Although the SPL proved to be a convenient indicator of thermal comfort for the evaluation of pigs, further studies developed in different phases of the production system are required.

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Cooling ventilation at farrowing for sows from first to third parturition

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of various cooling methods and drinking water temperatures on reproductive performance and behavior in heat stressed sows

Effects of various cooling methods and drinking water temperatures on reproductive performance and behavior in heat stressed sows

Use of Different Cooling Methods in Pig Facilities to Alleviate the Effects of Heat Stress—A Review

Using Sounds Produced by Pigs to Identify Thermoneutrality Zones for Thermal Environment Assessment Ratios

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