Cooling of levitated graphene nanoplatelets in high vacuum

Nagornykh, Pavel; Coppock, Joyce; Kane, B. E.

doi:10.1063/1.4922705

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4, and the heating rate is given in Eq. (82). We note that the I axis here extends to I = 3.65 × 10 −3 (where ν(I) ≈ 0.03), at the border where the rf potential motion becomes chaotic for the presented parameters).…”

Section: B Cooling In the High Velocity Regime Of A Quadrupole Potenmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Far-from-equilibrium noise-heating and laser-cooling dynamics in radio-frequency Paul traps

et al. 2019

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We study the stochastic dynamics of a particle in a periodically driven potential. For atomic ions trapped in radio-frequency Paul traps, noise heating and laser cooling typically act slowly in comparison with the unperturbed motion. These stochastic processes can be accounted for in terms of a probability distribution defined over the action variables, which would otherwise be conserved within the regular regions of the Hamiltonian phase space. We present a semiclassical theory of low-saturation laser cooling applicable from the limit of low-amplitude motion to large-amplitude motion, accounting fully for the time-dependent and anharmonic trap. We employ our approach to a detailed study of the stochastic dynamics of a single ion, drawing general conclusions regarding the nonequilibrium dynamics of laser-cooled trapped ions. We predict a regime of anharmonic motion in which laser cooling becomes diffusive (i.e., it is equally likely to cool the ion as it is to heat it), and can also turn into effective heating. This implies that a high-energy ion could be easily lost from the trap despite being laser cooled; however, we find that this loss can be counteracted using a laser detuning much larger than Doppler detuning.

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Section: B Cooling In the High Velocity Regime Of A Quadrupole Potenmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The heating from white noise corresponding to a heating rate of 0.1 ms −1 [Eq. (82)] is shown for comparison, calculated for the motion in the anharmonic potential. Both can be seen to start diverging in the region of motion that approaches the separatrix.…”

Section: Cooling In An Anharmonic Paul Trap Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far-from-equilibrium noise-heating and laser-cooling dynamics in radio-frequency Paul traps

et al. 2019

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“…Key to their utilisation has been that a deep and stable low noise electrical potential can be readily created. Many charged nanoparticle traps [12,18,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] have been demonstrated but there are few reports characterising their long term stability and noise, which is crucial for applications in quantum optomechanics and for testing fundamental physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a charged particle levitated nano-oscillator

Bullier

Pontin

Barker

2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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We describe the construction and characterisation of a nano-oscillator formed by a Paul trap. The frequency and temperature stability of the nano-oscillator was measured over several days allowing us to identify the major sources of trap and environmental fluctuations. We measure an overall frequency stability of 2 ppm/hr and a temperature stability of more than 5 hours via the Allan deviation. Importantly, we find that the charge on the nanoscillator is stable over a timescale of at least two weeks and that the mass of the oscillator, can be measured with a 3 % uncertainty. This allows us to distinguish between the trapping of a single nanosphere and a nano-dumbbell formed by a cluster of two nanospheres.

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“…The particle is less tightly confined in the direction parallel to the slot. For small amplitudes of motion, the particle undergoes simple harmonic motion in the well, with characteristic frequencies of oscillation given by [3] [7]:…”

Section: Trap Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of three distinct eigenfrequencies allows us to resolve the translational motion of the particle in three dimensions using scattered light collected in a single lens [7]. For a recently studied particle with a chargeto-mass ratio of 6.1 C/kg, using a trap frequency of ν t = Ω t / (2π) = 15 kHz, we observed eigenfrequencies of ν x = 300 Hz, ν y = 450 Hz, and ν z = 750 Hz, where ν x,y,z = ω x,y,z / (2π).…”

Section: Trap Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-trap system to study charged graphene nanoplatelets in high vacuum

et al. 2017

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We discuss the design and implementation of a system for generating charged multilayer graphene nanoplatelets and introducing a nanoplatelet into a quadrupole ion trap in high vacuum. Levitation decouples the platelet from its environment and enables sensitive mechanical and magnetic measurements. The platelets are generated via liquid exfoliation of graphite pellets and charged via electrospray ionization. A single platelet is trapped at a pressure of several hundred millitorr and transferred to a trap in a second chamber, which is pumped to UHV pressures for further study.

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Cooling of levitated graphene nanoplatelets in high vacuum

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Far-from-equilibrium noise-heating and laser-cooling dynamics in radio-frequency Paul traps

Far-from-equilibrium noise-heating and laser-cooling dynamics in radio-frequency Paul traps

Characterisation of a charged particle levitated nano-oscillator

Dual-trap system to study charged graphene nanoplatelets in high vacuum

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