Cooling gradients across pens in a finishing piggery

Randall, J.M.; Armsby, A.W.; Sharp, J.R.

doi:10.1016/0021-8634(83)90073-2

Cited by 61 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, pigs prefer to excrete in spaces away from feeding and nesting sites (Baxter, 1982). In addition, excretory areas can be created by providing temperature differentials, whereby intended dunging areas are cooler (Randall et al, 1983) than lying areas (Table 1). With these factors in mind, it is possible that quantity of space could be reduced if substituted by attention to detail and clever design.…”

Section: Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative farrowing systems: design criteria for farrowing systems based on the biological needs of sows and piglets

Baxter

Lawrence

Edwards

2011

Animal

114

112

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The construction of a suitable farrowing environment is a continuing dilemma: the piglet's needs must be matched with those of the sow and the farmer during the main phases that constitute farrowing: nest building, parturition and lactation. Difficulties exist in resolving the various conflicts of interest between and within these three parties (e.g. sow v. farmer: space needed for nest building v. space needed to maximise the amount of farrowing accommodation, or sow v. sow: ensuring the survival of the current litter v. maintaining condition for future litters). Thus, the challenge is to resolve these conflicts and design a system that maximises sow and piglet welfare while maintaining an economically efficient and sustainable enterprise. In order to successfully design a farrowing and lactation environment, it is necessary to consider the biological needs of both the sow and her litter. The natural behaviour of the sow has been well documented and very little variation exists between reports of peri-parturient behaviour observed in extensively kept domestic sows and their wild counterparts. The failure for domestication to significantly alter these behavioural patterns provides evidence that they are biologically significant and that the commercial farrowing environment should attempt to accommodate this behavioural repertoire. In addition, the behavioural needs of the piglets, as well as the physiological needs of both sows and their offspring should be considered. This article aims to review the considerable body of literature detailing the behavioural repertoire of sows and their offspring during the different phases of farrowing, and the accompanying physiological processes. The focus is on identifying biological needs of the animals involved in order to synthesise the appropriate design criteria for farrowing and lactation systems, which should optimise both welfare and animal production.

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Section: Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative farrowing systems: design criteria for farrowing systems based on the biological needs of sows and piglets

Baxter

Lawrence

Edwards

2011

Animal

114

112

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“…In general, higher feed intake leads to more N excreted in the urine, which enhances NH 3 emission. Pen fouling increases towards the end of the growing period as pigs become heavier (Randall et al, 1983;Hoeksma et al, 1992;Hacker et al, 1994;. Sometimes, owing to lack of space, especially in slatted floor buildings with under-floor manure storage, pigs lie on the slatted floor area, which may cause convective airflow in pits and increase NH 3 emission.…”

Section: Housing and Manure Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Ammonia Emissions From Confined Swine Feeding Operations

Arogo¹,

Westerman²,

Heber³

2003

Transactions of the ASAE

105

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“…Since, drinker location (a) was constantly wet by spilled drinking water which may cause marginal cooling of that locations encouraged the weaner to defecate most. Randall et al, 1983, found that 36% of pens was soiled in the lying area when it was marginally cooler than the elimination area, however only 2% case soiled when the lying area was warmer by 6°C. Baxter (1982) found that pigs preferred to eliminate in the location wetted by spilled drinking water.…”

Section: Defecation Pattern In Weaners Under Intensive Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%