Cooling and contamination of mafic and ultramafic magmas during ascent through continental crust

Huppert, Herbert E.; Stephen, Ralph A.; Sparks, J.

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(85)80009-1

Cited by 363 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Friction factor values are taken between 0.02 and 0.06 [Huppert and Sparks, 1985], which for the considered range of conduit diameters correspond (based on the Moody diagram [Moody, 1944]) to mean heights of roughness of the pipe ε c (Figure 2) from~1 cm to~50 cm. Figure 9 shows the calculated time lengths needed to flush 1.0 × 10 6 m 3 of magma for the considered ranges of conduit diameters and friction factors.…”

Section: 1002/2013jb010895mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake

et al. 2014

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The permanent and presently rising lava lake at Mount Nyiragongo constitutes a major potential geological hazard to the inhabitants of the Virunga volcanic region in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. Based on two field campaigns in June 2010 and 2011, we estimate the lava lake level from the southeastern crater rim (~400 m diameter) and lava lake area (~46,550 m 2 ), which constrains, respectively, the lava lake volume (~9 × 10 6 m 3 ) and volume flow rate needed to keep the magma in a molten state (0.6 to 3.5 m 3 s À1

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Section: 1002/2013jb010895mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake

et al. 2014

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“…From considerations of thermal budgets and fluid dynamics relevant to injection of high-temperature komatiite (Longhi et al, 1983;Arndt and Jenner, 1986), the crustal contamination model has gained strong support (Huppert and Sparks, 1985). Nevertheless, it is evident that this type of SHMB generally has spinifex texture similar to typical komatiites (Sun and Nesbitt, 1978;Zhou et al, 2002;Polat et al, 2006b), and is commonly intercalated with the coeval komatiite (Arndt et al, 1987;.…”

Section: Assimilation-fractional Crystallization (Afc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoarchean siliceous high-Mg basalt (SHMB) from the Taishan granite–greenstone terrane, Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications

Peng

Wilde

et al. 2013

Precambrian Research

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“…Several studies have shown that the extent of interaction between magmas and crustal rocks is not as simple as described by bulk assimilation or AFC processes, depending on several factors such as the structure of the plumbing system of the volcano and temperature and viscosity of magmas [38,39]. For instance, very hot and poorly viscous mafic melts may be able to dissolve larger amounts of crustal rocks than evolved magma, thus undergoing stronger isotopic modifications than felsic melts.…”

Section: Open-system Magma Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Isotopic Variations in the Clinopyroxene from the Filicudi Volcanic Rocks (Aeolian Islands, Italy): Implications for Open-System Magma Evolution

Santo¹,

Peccerillo²

2008

TOMJ

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Oxygen isotope data are reported for clinopyroxene phenocrysts from volcanic rock samples from Filicudi island, Italy, with the aim of investigating mechanisms of magma evolution and mantle source characteristics in a continental arc volcano. Filicudi rocks range from calc-alkaline basalt to high-K andesite and dacite. Mafic rocks have MgO 6-7 wt%, Mg# 60, Ni < 50 ppm and Cr < 200 ppm, suggesting they represent evolved melts from more primitive mantle-derived parents. Variations of Sr-Nd isotope ratios against silica and MgO suggest magma evolution under opensystem. Oxygen isotope ratios on clinopyroxene phenocrysts from representative rocks are in the range 18 O cpx = + 5.37 to + 6.20 ‰ SMOW, corresponding to 18 O melt = + 5.6 to + 6.4 ‰ and display an overall, but poorly defined, positive correlation with 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and MgO and a rough negative correlation with SiO 2 . Basalts exhibit the highest 18 O cpx values for the volcanic series studied. Together, major, trace element and isotopic data indicate complex, multistage polybaric evolutionary processes for the Filicudi magmas. A process of fractional crystallisation, accompanied by variable degrees of crustal assimilation, best explains the isotopic and petrological data of the Filicudi volcanics. Evolution processes are inferred to have occurred in distinct magma reservoirs sited at different depths. Magma contamination affected basalts more extensively than andesitic and dacitic magmas. This was a consequence of the higher temperature and lower viscosity of mafic melts that were able to assimilate higher amounts of crustal wall rocks. Therefore, andesites and dacites preserved stable and radiogenic isotopic compositions more closely than basalts. Combined trace element and isotopic data suggest that primitive magmas at Filicudi were generated in a heterogeneous and metasomatised mantle source, which underwent contamination by slab-derived fluids. When compared with the nearby islands, isotopic variations of Filicudi rocks resemble more closely those found at Alicudi than at Salina and Vulcano. This suggests that the same kind of evolutionary processes occurred in the western island of Filicudi and Alicudi, whereas at Salina and Vulcano, in the central arc, magmas typically evolved by AFC processes, generating derivative melts that display higher Sr-O isotope compositions compared to parent basalts. These contrasting styles of magma evolution may be related to different structures of the plumbing systems of volcanic islands that were constructed in different sectors of the arc.

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Cooling and contamination of mafic and ultramafic magmas during ascent through continental crust

Cited by 363 publications

References 33 publications

Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake

Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake

Neoarchean siliceous high-Mg basalt (SHMB) from the Taishan granite–greenstone terrane, Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications

Oxygen Isotopic Variations in the Clinopyroxene from the Filicudi Volcanic Rocks (Aeolian Islands, Italy): Implications for Open-System Magma Evolution

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