Cool-Season Grasses for Pasture

Burns, J. C.; Bagley, C. P.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr34.c11

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…), indiangrass ( Sorghastrum nutrans Nash. ), and eastern gamagrass [ Trisacum dactyloides (L.) L] have been used to supplement the uneven distribution of forage production throughout the grazing season when cool‐season grasses are relatively unproductive during the hot summer months (Burns & Bagley, ; Massengale, ). In many parts of the world, C 4 grasses have recently attracted considerable interest as a source plant biomass to produce energy (Lewandowski et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and harvest date affect developmental morphology and biomass yield of warm‐season grasses

2013

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Information on the growth and development of warm-season grasses in response to management is required to use them successfully as a biomass crop. Our objectives were to determine optimum harvest periods and effect of N fertilization rates on the biomass production of four warm-season grasses, and to investigate if traits of canopy structure can explain observed yields with varying harvest dates and N rates. A field study was conducted at Sorenson Research Farm near Ames, IA, during 2006 and 2007. The experimental design was split-split plot arranged in a randomized complete block with four replications. Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutrans L. Nash), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) were main plots. Three N application rates (0, 65, and 140 kg ha À1 ) were subplots, and 10 harvest dates were sub-sub plots. Biomass of warm-season grasses increased with advanced maturity, but differently among species. The maximum yield of eastern gamagrass occurred at the highest MSC (1.6 and 2.2) when the largest seed ripening tillers were present. Big bluestem, switchgrass, and indiangrass obtained the maximum yields at MSC 3.5, 3.9, and 2.9, respectively when the largest reproductive tillers were present. In terms of a biomass supply strategy, eastern gamagrass may be used during early summer, while big bluestem and switchgrass may be best used between mid-and late-summer, and indiangrass in early fall. Nitrogen fertilization increased yield by increasing tiller development. Optimum biomass yields were obtained later in the season when they were fertilized with 140 kg ha À1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and harvest date affect developmental morphology and biomass yield of warm‐season grasses

2013

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“…P roductive grazing systems across the mid‐Atlantic region are dependent on warm‐season grasses during the summer stress period (Burns and Bagley, 1996). Currently, bermudagrass, especially the cultivar Coastal, is the predominant species filling this niche (Gross et al, 1966; Burns et al, 1984; Mueller et al, 1992).…”

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Steer Performance and Pasture Productivity among Five Perennial Warm‐Season Grasses

Burns

Fisher

2013

Agronomy Journal

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Grazing systems in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States typically utilize perennial warm-season grasses. Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] has served this function in the region, but the resulting animal performance has been modest. Steer and pasture performance of three native grasses, big bluestem (BBS) (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), eastern gamagrass (GG) (Tripsacum dactyloides L.), and switchgrass (SG) (Panicum virgatum L.), and an introduced Old World bluestem, Caucasian bluestem (CBS) [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake], were compared during 6 yr with Tift on 44 bermudagrass (BG) as the control. During summer (June-September), steers continuously stocked on the alternative grasses gained similarly (0.73 kg d -1 ) but more rapidly than those grazing BG (0.49 kg d -1 ). Stocking of BG at 9.9 steers ha -1 was greater than the alternative grasses (5.7 steers ha -1 ), which were similar. Although animal days per hectare were greater for BG, weight gain per hectare was similar (mean = 357 kg ha -1 ) because of the diff erential gain per day. Canopies of BG and CBS had the least proportion of their mass in leaf (24.5 and 25.0%, respectively) compared with GG (58.2%), BBS (35.6%), and SG (30.9%), with the latter two similar. In general, any one of the grasses can serve as the warm-season component; however, pastures of BBS, GG, SG, and CBS would be more appropriate for growing ruminants, although at a reduced stocking rate, than BG. Th e latter would provide adequate forage for mature animals.

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“…In both treatments, LAB became the dominant microorganisms at the end of fermentation, which was an indication of a successful fermentation process (Faid et al 1994(Faid et al , 1997; Fig. 1 Chromatograms of standard 0.1 % lactic acid (LA) and 1.0 % acetic acid (AA) solutions Burns and Bagley 1996). Acid-tolerant yeast also grew in the medium (3.39-4.40 log CFU/g in the middle of fermentation), but failed to inhibit the growth of LAB (7.97-8.23 log CFU/g in the middle of fermentation) in the WFFO group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of fish offal waste through fermentation utilizing whey as inoculum

Samaddar

Kaviraj

2014

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Effort to minimize the environmental pollution is using that waste as a base material of organic fertilizer. This study was conducted to determine the levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contained in the offal waste of mujair fish (Oreochromis mosambicus) from Lindu lake. Samples of mujair offal waste were taken from fish saler on the street Towua, Palu. Analysis of Nitrogen levels used Kjeldhal method which consists of three phases, namely destruction, distillation and titration. On the other hand, for phosphorus analysis was using wet digestion method, followed by absorbance measurements of samples with spectronic 20 at a wavelength of 720 nm. Based on the analysis, the average of nitrogen (N) levels in mujair offal wastewas 2.78%, while the average of phosphorus (P) levels was 2.48%. From these results, it is known that mujair offal waste contained more nitrogen (N) compared to phosphrus (P). In addition, when compared to the quality standard liquid organic fertilizer N and P content in mujair offal almost meets the quality standard liquid fertilizer, where the minimum technical requirements of organic liquid fertilizer should contain a total N content of 3-6% and 3-6% P2O5.

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Cool-Season Grasses for Pasture

Cited by 9 publications

References 74 publications

Nitrogen and harvest date affect developmental morphology and biomass yield of warm‐season grasses

Nitrogen and harvest date affect developmental morphology and biomass yield of warm‐season grasses

Steer Performance and Pasture Productivity among Five Perennial Warm‐Season Grasses

Processing of fish offal waste through fermentation utilizing whey as inoculum

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