Cooking from cold to hot: goal-directedness in simulation and language

Abstract

The present study explores the processing of temporal information in event knowledge by focusing on the transition from an earlier, source state to a later, goal state. Participants were presented with an event verb followed by antonymous adjectives or adverbs denoting an earlier state and a later state. The states were presented either chronologically (to cook: cold -hot) or inversely (to cook: hot -cold) with regard to the denoted event. Participants were asked to identify either the earlier or the later state. We found that later states are identified faster and more accurately than earlier states. Later states presented chronologically were identified even more quickly than later states presented inversely. We attribute our results to the fact that directedness towards the goal state is a general principle of cognition which plays a fundamental role in language and in simulation, whereby language processing provides faster and more direct access to goals even than simulation.

Chingiz Aitmatov’s Creative Works in the National Literature as a Reflection of a New Ethnic Mythology of the Soviet Period

“…Chingiz Aitmatov anticipates of many contemporary researchers that the ethnic cultures far removed from each other, have a lot of parallels to the archetypal level (Welke et all, 2014). There is no doubt that a similar code land development makes cultures is a similar, though they may be located far from each other in time and space (Welke et all, 2014). His works pie shows the mythologizing of contemporary consciousness ( Karabulatova 2013;Pritsak 1952;Hübner, 2014).…”