Inaccurate or cumbersome clinical pathogen diagnosis
between Gram-positive
bacteria (G+) and Gram-negative (G–)
bacteria lead to delayed clinical therapeutic interventions. Microelectrode-based
electrochemical sensors exhibit the significant advantages of rapid
response and minimal sample consumption, but the loading capacity
and discrimination precision are weak. Herein, we develop reversible
fusion–fission MXene-based fiber microelectrodes for G+/G– bacteria analysis. During the fissuring
process, the spatial utilization, loading capacity, sensitivity, and
selectivity of microelectrodes were maximized, and polymyxin B and
vancomycin were assembled for G+/G– identification.
The surface-tension-driven reversible fusion facilitated its reusability.
A deep learning model was further applied for the electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) identification in diverse ratio concentrations
of G+ and G– of (1:100–100:1)
with higher accuracy (>93%) and gave predictable detection results
for unknown samples. Meanwhile, the as-proposed sensing platform reached
higher sensitivity toward E. coli (24.3 CFU/mL) and S. aureus (37.2 CFU/mL) in 20 min. The as-proposed platform
provides valuable insights for bacterium discrimination and quantification.