Conversion of PDF Books in ePub Format

Marinai, Simone; Marino, Emanuele; Soda, Giovanni

doi:10.1109/icdar.2011.102

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Déjean and Meunier [12] reconstruct the logical hierarchy of PDF documents through extraction of internal objects and recognition of table of contents. Marinai's research dedicated to table of contents detection during the conversion of PDF books to reflowable XHMTL based format [13]. Tang focuses on converting fixed-layout documents to fluid CEBX documents [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-Truth and Performance Evaluation for Page Layout Analysis of Born-Digital Documents

Tao

Tang

et al. 2014

2014 11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems

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In this paper, a new dataset is proposed for page layout analysis of born-digital documents. By extracting uniformly the document contents, an XML based data format is designed in terms of raw data and structure data. Utilizing a selfdeveloped ground-truthing tool, a public dataset is constructed from diverse styles of document resources. With consideration of physical segmentation and logical labeling, automatic performance evaluation methods are adjusted to cope with different scenarios. The applications of the proposed dataset have shown that it is suitable for evaluating various layout analysis tasks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-Truth and Performance Evaluation for Page Layout Analysis of Born-Digital Documents

Tao

Tang

et al. 2014

2014 11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems

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“…As the premise of robustness of logical layout understanding, various researches on layout analysis of PDF format documents were launched [1][2]. ICDAR (International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition) has already held two competitions on Book Structure Extraction Competition focusing on structure recognition and extraction for digitized books [3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Text Information and Graphic Composite for PDF Document Analysis

Tang

Tao

et al. 2012

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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The trend of large scale digitization has greatly motivated the research on the processing of the PDF documents with little structure information. Challenging problems like graphic segmentation integrating with texts remain unsolved for successful practical application of PDF layout analysis. To cope with PDF documents, a hybrid method incorporating text information and graphic composite is proposed to segment the pages that are difficult to handle by traditional methods. Specifically, the text information is derived accurately from born-digital documents embedded with low-level structure elements in explicit form. Then page text elements are clustered by applying graph based method according to proximity and feature similarity. Meanwhile, the graphic components are extracted by means of texture and morphological analysis. By integrating the clustered text elements with image based graphic components, the graphics are segmented for layout analysis. The experimental results on pages of PDF books have shown satisfactory performance.

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“…Note that the time necessary for proofreading does not decrease much even if OCR accuracy rates are improved. In contrast, subsequent conversion of OCR output (from PDF to HTML or to one of the Kindle, Sony or iPad e-book formats) is becoming a completely automatic and inexpensive process [13].…”

Section: Human Cost Performance and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptotic cost in document conversion

Blostein

Nagy

2012

SPIE Proceedings

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In spite of a hundredfold decrease in the cost of relevant technologies, the role of document image processing systems is gradually declining due to the transition to an on-line world. Nevertheless, in some high-volume applications, document image processing software still saves millions of dollars by accelerating workflow, and similarly large savings could be realized by more effective automation of the multitude of low-volume personal document conversions. While potential cost savings, based on estimates of costs and values, are a driving force for new developments, quantifying such savings is difficult. The most important trend is that the cost of computing resources for DIA is becoming insignificant compared to the associated labor costs. An econometric treatment of document processing complements traditional performance evaluation, which focuses on assessing the correctness of the results produced by document conversion software. Researchers should look beyond the error rate for advancing both production and personal document conversion.

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Conversion of PDF Books in ePub Format

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Ground-Truth and Performance Evaluation for Page Layout Analysis of Born-Digital Documents

Ground-Truth and Performance Evaluation for Page Layout Analysis of Born-Digital Documents

Integration of Text Information and Graphic Composite for PDF Document Analysis

Asymptotic cost in document conversion

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