Conversion of Nuclear Waste into Nuclear Waste Glass: Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Modeling

Hrma, Pavel R.

doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2014.10.016

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…HLW glass feeds that contain varying compositions of glass formers and additives have been studied extensively in recent years through laboratory‐scale investigations of their melting behavior . One such feed, referred to as HWI‐Al‐19, was developed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of River Protection (ORP) by the Vitreous State Laboratory to vitrify high‐aluminum HLW and has been shown to have desirable melting properties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 HLW glass feeds that contain varying compositions of glass formers and additives have been studied extensively in recent years through laboratory-scale investigations of their melting behavior. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] One such feed, referred to as HWI-Al-19, was developed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of River Protection (ORP) by the Vitreous State Laboratory to vitrify high-aluminum HLW and has been shown to have desirable melting properties. 12 Hereafter, the term A19 will be used to denote a set of feeds based on HWI-Al-19 distinguished by slight alterations in the mass fractions of SiO 2 , H 3 BO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 , and Na 2 CO 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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X‐ray tomography of feed‐to‐glass transition of simulated borosilicate waste glasses

et al. 2017

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High‐level waste feed composition affects the overall melting rate by influencing the chemical, thermophysical, and morphological properties of a cold cap layer that floats on the molten glass where most feed‐to‐glass reactions occur. Data from X‐ray computed tomography imaging of melting pellets comprised of a simulated high‐aluminum feed reveal the morphology of bubbles, known as the primary foam, for various feed compositions at temperatures between 600°C and 1040°C. These feeds were formulated to make glasses with viscosities ranging from 0.5 to 9.5 Pa s at 1150°C, which was accomplished by changing the SiO2/(B2O3+Na2O+Li2O) ratio in the final glass. Pellet dimensions and profile area, average and maximum bubble areas, bubble diameter, and void fraction were evaluated. The feed viscosity strongly affects the onset of the primary foaming and the foam collapse temperature. Despite the decreasing amount of gas‐evolving components (Li2CO3, H3BO3, and Na2CO3), as the feed viscosity increases, the measured foam expansion rate does not decrease. This suggests that the primary foaming is not only affected by changes in the primary melt viscosity but also by the compositional reaction kinetic effects. The temperature‐dependent foam morphological data will be used to inform cold cap model development for a high‐level radioactive waste glass melter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray tomography of feed‐to‐glass transition of simulated borosilicate waste glasses

et al. 2017

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“…In each melter, electric current passes between immersed electrodes on opposite sides of the tank. The electrical resistance of the glass causes the electric current to be dissipated as heat, which supplies energy for the feed-to-glass conversion reactions that occur in the cold cap, a layer of reacting feed floating on top of the heated glass [1]. Above the glass is a plenum region which provides a space for the reaction gases and bubbles to vent before being funneled to the off-gas system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubbling behavior in a waste glass melter

Guillen

2016

WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences

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Legacy tank waste from five decades of plutonium production at the Hanford Site during the Cold War will be vitrified into a stable waste form for disposal. A Waste Treatment Plant, currently under construction, houses Joule-heated ceramic-lined waste glass melters wherein radioactive waste will be combined with glass formers to produce borosilicate glass. Through testing conducted in pilot-scale melters with surrogate waste, as well as operational experience at other sites, it has been demonstrated that the use of bubblers can dramatically improve the glass production rate. In this paper, parameters influencing the formation and rise of a bubble stream in a viscous liquid are investigated. Experimental data and observations from laboratory and pilot-scale testing are integrated with first principles to develop a set of equations that form a mechanistic bubbling model to be incorporated into the melter model.

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A methodology to reduce the computational cost of transient multiphysics simulations for waste vitrification

Abboud¹,

Guillen²

2018

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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Conversion of Nuclear Waste into Nuclear Waste Glass: Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Modeling

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

X‐ray tomography of feed‐to‐glass transition of simulated borosilicate waste glasses

X‐ray tomography of feed‐to‐glass transition of simulated borosilicate waste glasses

Bubbling behavior in a waste glass melter

A methodology to reduce the computational cost of transient multiphysics simulations for waste vitrification

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