Conversion of liquid hot water, acid and alkali pretreated industrial hemp biomasses to bioethanol

Zhao, Jikai; Xu, Youjie; Wang, Weiqun; Griffin, Jason; Wang, Donghai

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123383

Cited by 69 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“… 5 These results also indicate that alkali pretreatment functioned to cleave chemical bonds (ester and ether bonds) between lignin and hemicellulose, thus reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass for sealing cellulose. 10 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison with raw biomass, noticeable disappearance at 1730–1740 cm –1 (C=O stretching of an acetyl group from hemicellulose and aldehyde from lignin) in alkali-pretreated biomass was observed. The intensities of peaks at 1570–1590 cm –1 (C=C stretching due to aromatic skeletal vibration 10 ) weakened after alkali pretreatment. These changes were ascribed to the decreased xylan and lignin contents in alkali-pretreated hemp biomass ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 12 After alkali pretreatment, deep trenches and regular terraced-field protuberances in the external surface were observed ( Figure 3 b), indicating that robust lignin bundles and amorphous hemicellulose were disrupted. 10 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Ethanol Concentration (77 g/L) of Industrial Hemp Biomass Achieved Through Optimizing the Relationship between Ethanol Yield/Concentration and Solid Loading

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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In this study, the relationships between ethanol yield/concentration and solid loading (6–21%) were investigated to enhance ethanol titer and avoid a random choice of solid loading for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Alkali-pretreated hemp biomass was used for SSF in four scenarios including Case I: 30 filter paper unit (FPU)-cellulase and 140 fungal xylanase unit (FXU)-hemicellulase/g-solid; Case II: 40 FPU-cellulase and 140 FXU-hemicellulase/g-solid; Case III: 30 FPU-cellulase and 140 FXU-hemicellulase/g-solid with 1% Tween80; and Case IV: 30 FPU-cellulase and 140 FXU-hemicellulase/g-solid with particle size reduction (<0.2 mm). Results showed that bioethanol yield and concentration had a negative linear ( R 2 = 0.76–0.93) and quadratic ( R 2 = 0.96–0.99) correlation with solid loading (6–21%), respectively. As compared to Case I and previous studies, an enhancement in ethanol yield and concentration through increasing cellulase dose (Case II) and adding Tween 80 (Case III) was overestimated, whereas particle size reduction (Case IV) extended the “solid effect”, evidenced by the highest ethanol concentration (77 g/L) achieved from SSF at the focus point of a quadratic model. An interpretation of the relationship between ethanol yield/concentration and solid loading not only avoids a blind selection of solid loading for SSF but also reduces extra enzymes and water consumption.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Ethanol Concentration (77 g/L) of Industrial Hemp Biomass Achieved Through Optimizing the Relationship between Ethanol Yield/Concentration and Solid Loading

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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“…Table 1 summarizes the chemical composition of industrial hemp biomass in the previous studies. The chemical composition of different industrial hemp cultivars was studied [13,24,25]. Each component showed wide ranges of composition: 32.6-51.1% of cellulose, 10.6-16.6% of hemicellulose, 14.6-29.4% of lignin, 2.6-7.6% of ash, 3.7-20.0% of extractives, and 0.3-23.1% of others.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of this cellulosic biomass can obviate the need for its removal and bring additional revenue. For instance, it was reported that industrial hemp could be utilized for the production of bioethanol, biogas, and other bioproducts (Figure 4) [16,25,52,53]. Similar to other lignocellulosic biomass, due to the recalcitrant structure of the hemp, it needs to undergo a pretreatment step prior to its bioprocessing.…”

Section: Biological Conversion Approaches With Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Biological Conversion of Industrial Hemp for Biofuel and Value-Added Products

Jia

Kumar

et al. 2021

Fermentation

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Sustainable, economically feasible, and green resources for energy and chemical products have people’s attention due to global energy demand and environmental issues. Last several decades, diverse lignocellulosic biomass has been studied for the production of biofuels and biochemicals. Industrial hemp has great market potential with its versatile applications. With the increase of the hemp-related markets with hemp seed, hemp oil, and fiber, the importance of hemp biomass utilization has also been emphasized in recent studies. Biological conversions of industrial hemp into bioethanol and other biochemicals have been introduced to address the aforementioned energy and environmental challenges. Its high cellulose content and the increased production because of the demand for cannabidiol oil and hempseed products make it a promising future bioenergy and biochemical source. Effective valorization of the underutilized hemp biomass can also improve the cost-competitiveness of hemp products. This manuscript reviews recent biological conversion strategies for industrial hemp and its characteristics. Current understanding of the industrial hemp properties and applied conversion technologies are briefly summarized. In addition, challenges and future perspectives of the biological conversion with industrial hemp are discussed.

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Proteins in dried distillers' grains with solubles: A review of animal feed value and potential non‐food uses

Zhao

Wang

2021

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) are the main byproduct from bioethanol production and are commonly used as livestock feed. This work aims to provide an overview of animal feed value (protein and amino acid profiles and protein fractionation approaches) and potential non‐food uses of DDGS proteins, particularly those from corn, sorghum, and wheat. Crude protein and amino acids (essential and nonessential) composition vary among different DDGS due to the variation in chemical composition of parent feedstock and processing condition. Extraction or fractionation approaches such as physical/mechanical (sieving and winnowing), chemical (ethanol, acid, and alkaline), and enzymatic (protease) treatments have been explored to isolate specific proteins of corn (zein), sorghum (kafirin), and wheat (gluten protein) from respective DDGS. In addition, valorization of DDGS proteins for biomaterials (biodegradable films and bioadhesives) was evaluated. Due to the heterogeneous nature of DDGS, multi‐stream processes with economic and environmental benefits should be taken into consideration before the commercialization of DDGS proteins. This review will benefit future research and development activities on value‐added and more specific utilizations of DDGS.

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Conversion of liquid hot water, acid and alkali pretreated industrial hemp biomasses to bioethanol

Cited by 69 publications

References 46 publications

High Ethanol Concentration (77 g/L) of Industrial Hemp Biomass Achieved Through Optimizing the Relationship between Ethanol Yield/Concentration and Solid Loading

High Ethanol Concentration (77 g/L) of Industrial Hemp Biomass Achieved Through Optimizing the Relationship between Ethanol Yield/Concentration and Solid Loading

Recent Advancements in Biological Conversion of Industrial Hemp for Biofuel and Value-Added Products

Proteins in dried distillers' grains with solubles: A review of animal feed value and potential non‐food uses

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