Conversion of hydrocarbons to synthesis gas: Problems and prospects

Usachev, N. Ya.; Харламов, В. В.; Belanova, E. P.; Kazakov, A. V.; Starostina, T. S.; Kanaev, S. A.

doi:10.1134/s0965544111020137

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The reviews from Su et al and Usachev et al provide an overview of the catalyst candidates that were hitherto investigated. [5,19] Silver-based catalysts demonstrated high activity but relied on the presence of surface oxygen, and bulk oxygen present in the silver lattice, resulting in the production of water as side-product. [20] They were shown to deactivate rapidly in the absence of oxygen and required frequent regenerations by oxidative treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting of Alkali Metals on Fumed Silica for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Formaldehyde

et al. 2021

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Water free, non-oxidative catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde is an important process for the formation of anhydrous, molecular formaldehyde (FA). Sodium or sodiumcontaining salts were shown to catalyze the reaction, but their reaction mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we thus investigated the performance of a series of catalysts prepared by grafting of alkali metals on amorphous silica for methanol catalytic dehydrogenation. The resulting catalysts displayed an increased activity for the catalytic dehydrogenation of meth-anol. Variation of the electron density of the supported alkali metal cations severely affected the FA selectivity, which followed the trend: Li > Na > K > Rb > Cs. A large gap in selectivity towards FA between ions with a high (i. e., Li, Na) and low charge density (i. e., K, Rb, Cs) was observed. Also, increased metal loading adversely affected FA selectivity and resulted in a larger production of carbon monoxide. Sodium grafted on silica yielded the best combination of moderate conversion and high selectivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting of Alkali Metals on Fumed Silica for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Formaldehyde

et al. 2021

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“…The carrier used for supporting the catalyst is mainly Al 2 O 3 ; however, since Al 2 O 3 is acidic, the coke formation on the catalyst is easily caused. In the fixed‐bed reactor, the micro‐exothermic methane catalytic partial oxidation reaction faces three major problems: (a) an explosion may occur in the preheated feed gas before contacting the catalyst; (b) there are significant hot spots on the surface of the catalyst; particularly at high gas velocity conditions, the hot spot phenomenon is more pronounced; and (c) the catalyst surface coking will cause the catalyst to be deactivated . In order to gather detailed information about the catalytic particles, it is necessary to obtain the structure of the fixed‐bed in the reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD study on partial oxidation of methane in fixed‐bed reactor

Cao

et al. 2019

Can J Chem Eng

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Partial oxidation of methane (POM) is a preferred method for synthesis gas, which usually occurs in fixed bed reactors. In this paper, the discrete element method (DEM) is used to reconstruct the structure of a reactor bed via simulating the process of filling the reactor with catalyst. The particle resolved CFD physical model with the detailed micro-kinetcis of the POM reaction was established to study the interaction among reactant flow, heat and mass transfer, and reaction in the fixed bed. The gas composition and temperature distribution in the reactor were obtained based on the simulation results. The effects of the space velocity and the reaction temperature on the CH 4 conversion, catalyst selectivity, and catalyst surface coke formation were analyzed. The simulation results show that the temperature hot spots of the catalyst in the bed occur at the inlet and the temperature increases further near the wall. With the increase in space velocity, the conversion rate of CH 4 decreases gradually, and the selectivity does not change significantly. As the temperature increases, the conversion rate of CH 4 gradually increases and the selectivity decreases. The risk of coke formation on the catalyst surface rises axially and the C species concentration is relatively higher near the outlet. Appropriately increasing the gas velocity and increasing the temperature helps to reduce the surface coke accumulation of the catalyst. K E Y W O R D SCFD, coke formation, conversion rate, hot spots, POM

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“…An earlier review by Yang et al 7 discussed OTM materials and considered applications such as oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene. A briefer contribution by Ushachev et al 9 outlined problems with synthesis gas production and how OTM technology may be of benefit. In a contribution by Caro, microtubular OTM technology is discussed with applications such as oxidative coupling of methane to C 2 products 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical looping and oxygen permeable ceramic membranes for hydrogen production – a review

Thursfield

Murugan

Franca

et al. 2012

Energy Environ. Sci.

156

118

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Both chemical looping processes and oxygen permeable ceramic membranes require gas-solid surface reaction to occur in order to function; the two approaches have much in common at a fundamental level. Both approaches, through either dynamic operation in the case of looping or membrane operation, allow a degree of process intensification through simultaneous reaction and separation. Here the use of chemical looping and oxygen permeable ceramic membranes for hydrogen production is reviewed. Hydrogen production from water with various reducing gases is covered, as is synthesis gas production from hydrocarbons with various oxidants (this requiring 10 further hydrogen separation from the synthesis gas). The two approaches are compared and contrasted.

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Conversion of hydrocarbons to synthesis gas: Problems and prospects

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

Grafting of Alkali Metals on Fumed Silica for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Formaldehyde

Grafting of Alkali Metals on Fumed Silica for the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Formaldehyde

CFD study on partial oxidation of methane in fixed‐bed reactor

Chemical looping and oxygen permeable ceramic membranes for hydrogen production – a review

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