Conversion of Carbohydrate Biomass to γ‐Valerolactone by using Water‐Soluble and Reusable Iridium Complexes in Acidic Aqueous Media

Deng, Jin; Wang, Yan; Pan, Tao; Xu, Qing; Guo, Qing‐Xiang; Fu, Yao

doi:10.1002/cssc.201300245

Cited by 117 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…4) have also been used to convert LA into GVL in high yields and under mild temperatures of 120 o C and pressures of 10 bar H 2 , and with some of the highest TON (78,000) reported to date. [37] A range of catalysts were investigated with various substituents on the bipyridyl ligand; stronger electron-donating substituents in sterically unhindered positions proving to give the best yields of GVL. The Ir-Bipy-OMe half-sandwich complex ( fig.…”

Section: Hydrogenation Of Levulinic Acid (La) To γ-Valerolactone (Gvl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

et al. 2016

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Platform chemicals derived from lignocellulousic plant biomass are viewed as a sustainable replacement for crude oil based feed-stocks. Levulinic acid (LA) is one such biomass derived chemical that has been widely studied for further catalytic transformation to γ-valerolactone (GVL), an important 'green' fuel additive, solvent and fine chemical intermediate. Although the transformation of LA to GVL can be achieved using heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalytic systems that operate under milder reactions, give high seletivities and can be recycled continue to attract much attention. A range of new homogeneous catalysts have now been demonstrated to efficiently convert LA to GVL, and to transform LA directly to other value added chemicals such as 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF). This mini review covers recent advances in the area of homogeneous catalysis for the conversion of levulinic acid and levulinic ester derivatives to GVL and chemicals beyond GVL.

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Section: Hydrogenation Of Levulinic Acid (La) To γ-Valerolactone (Gvl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iridium half-sandwich bipyridyl complexes studied for the hydrogenation of LA to GVL. [37] Figure 5. Shvo's catalyst and Casey's catalyst Scheme 3.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

et al. 2016

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“…While different homogeneous catalysts such as Ru-complexes, including Shvo catalyst [8][9][10], iridium pincer complexes [11,12] were used with excellent performance even under mild reaction conditions, they are arguably not suited to targeted GVL production as the high boiling point of GVL (207-208 °C) makes product/catalyst separation uneconomical by means of distillation. In this regard, several heterogeneous catalytic systems have been reported in the last few years with noble metals including Ru [13][14][15], Pd [16,17], Pt [18], and Au [19] as active metal species generating high yields of GVL from LA.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Using Low-Loaded Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Porous Silicates

Yepez

Climent

et al. 2015

Applied Sciences

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The microwave-assisted conversion of levulinic acid (LA) has been studied using low-loaded supported Fe-based catalysts on porous silicates. A very simple, productive, and highly reproducible continuous flow method has been used for the homogeneous deposition of metal oxide nanoparticles on the silicate supports. Formic acid was used as a hydrogen donating agent for the hydrogenation of LA to effectively replace high pressure H2 mostly reported for LA conversion. Moderate LA conversion was achieved in the case of non-noble metal-based iron oxide catalysts, with a significant potential for further improvements to compete with noble metal-based catalysts.

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“…The largest part of biomass is carbohydrates. The carbohydrates are particularly used for the conversion to platform chemicals [2]. Carbohydrates can be converted to chemicals including ethanol, n-butanol, sorbitol, hydroxymethylfurfural, and dimethylfurfural [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Pot Synthesis of γ-Valerolactone from D-Glucose Over H3PW12O40/ZrO2 Catalyst

Sivasubramaniam

Amin

2015

Icgsce 2014

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In this study, two different wt% of H 3 PW 12 O 40 /ZrO 2 catalysts were synthesized, characterized and screened for the synthesis of γ-valerolactone (GVL) from D-glucose. The catalysts involved were 10 % H 3 PW 12 O 40 /ZrO 2 and 15 % H 3 PW 12 O 40 /ZrO 2 prepared through wet impregnation method. Catalyst characterization using FTIR, BET and NH 3 -TPD revealed that the catalytic performances were dominantly influenced by the acid sites of the catalyst in the production of Levulinic acid (LA) from D-glucose via acid hydrolysis reaction. High acidity greatly influenced the catalytic performance for the production of GVL. These catalysts were tested based on five sets of reaction time (8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 h) at a fixed temperature of 180°C with 1:1 catalyst to feedstock ratio. 10 % H 3 PW 12 O 40 /ZrO 2 exhibited high performance at 16 h of reaction time with 22.3 % yield compared to 15 % H 3 PW 12 O 40 /ZrO 2 with only 14.8 % yield of GVL.

show abstract

Conversion of Carbohydrate Biomass to γ‐Valerolactone by using Water‐Soluble and Reusable Iridium Complexes in Acidic Aqueous Media

Cited by 117 publications

References 98 publications

Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

Homogeneous Catalyzed Reactions of Levulinic Acid: To γ‐Valerolactone and Beyond

Microwave-Assisted Conversion of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Using Low-Loaded Supported Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Porous Silicates

One Pot Synthesis of γ-Valerolactone from D-Glucose Over H3PW12O40/ZrO2 Catalyst

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