“…The FTIR spectra of collagen extracted from the O. niloticus fish skin appeared as Amide I, which was the carbonyl group (C=O) and amino group (N-H) in the peptide helix at wavenumber 1,651.74 and 1,700 cm −1 , respectively consistent with the results reported by Baláž (2014). 1,4 The other Amide III of (N-H) appeared at 1,239.04 cm −1 and at 1,237-1,239 cm −1 , which were consistent with the FTIR results reported by Elbialy et al (2020) and Huang et al (2016), respectively. 5,6 In addition, another peak of the amide group occurred at 2,933.50 cm −1 , belonging to the unsymmetrical group δ (CH2).…”