Conversion of Biogas to Renewable Energy by Microwave Reforming

Abstract

Biogas consists of methane and carbon dioxide, the main components, which are major greenhouse gases that affect global warming. As such, in order to convert greenhouse gas into renewable energy, which is a high-quality fuel, the biogas microwave reforming characteristics were studied and the results are as follows: In the main components of biogas, methane and carbon dioxide, the conversion efficiency of both methane and carbon dioxide increased as the amount of CO2 relatively increased. This is because the problem of active pore failure due to gasification of the attached carbon generated during methane reforming was overcome. When nitrogen, a biogas-containing component, was added, the activity of catalytic activity pores was enhanced by promoting the production of microplasma, resulting in increased conversion efficiency. When the concentration of oxygen, which is a biogas-containing component, increased, the conversion efficiency increased, but when the concentration is more than 10%, the fuel value of the product gas decreased due to the complete oxidation reaction.

New Perspectives on Catalytic Hydrogen Production by the Reforming, Partial Oxidation and Decomposition of Methane and Biogas

“…Microwave reforming was also tested for biogas, investigating the effect of the presence of nitrogen and oxygen in the reaction mixture, and it was found that their presence may improve methane conversion [233].…”

Moist Biogas Conversion in a Plasma–Catalytic System

“…Ni-containing carrier catalysts have been most commonly used. 7 , 11 However, at temperatures below 300 °C, a reaction does not occur. In the temperature range 300–550 °C, the reaction rate of methane and carbon dioxide is very low, even in active Ni-containing catalysts.…”

“…The second is processing it to increase the concentration of combustible components. Thermal, catalytic, and plasma , methods are used for this purpose. Ni-containing carrier catalysts have been most commonly used. , However, at temperatures below 300 °C, a reaction does not occur.…”

“…Thermal, catalytic, and plasma , methods are used for this purpose. Ni-containing carrier catalysts have been most commonly used. , However, at temperatures below 300 °C, a reaction does not occur. In the temperature range 300–550 °C, the reaction rate of methane and carbon dioxide is very low, even in active Ni-containing catalysts. , Moreover, it was found that the addition of hydrogen into gaseous fuels increases combustion stability and speed. − …”

Reverse Water–Gas Shift Chemical Looping Using a Core–Shell Structured Perovskite Oxygen Carrier

“…According to a report issued in 2015 by the PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, global CO 2 emission from fossil fuel combustion was about 35.7 Gt, which at the time represented a 1.4% annual increase [4]. To replace fossil-based energy resources, various types of renewable energies have been researched for the past few decades [5][6][7]. However, none of these energy sources are economically feasible as compared with low cost fossil fuels, including shale gas [8].…”