Conversion mechanism of nickel fluoride and NiO-doped nickel fluoride in Li ion batteries

Lee, Dae Hoe; Carroll, Kyler J.; Calvin, S.; Jin, Sung‐Ho; Meng, Ying Shirley

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.10.105

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The measured conversion potential of 0.15 V vs. Li + /Li at 1st discharge cycle is lower than the theoretical conversion potential of NiO. This phenomenon is attributed to the semiconducting nature of NiO, the slow rate of nucleation and growth of Ni/Li 2 O, and structural reconstruction during conversion reaction; similar phenomena were also observed for other conversion reactions [42,43]. However, the 10th, 15th, and 20th discharge curves were significantly different from the 1st discharge profile, showing a plateau near 1.2 V followed by a sloping potential range.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Nanogravel Structured Nio/ni Electrsupporting

confidence: 61%

Nanogravel structured NiO/Ni foam as electrode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Rahman

Wen

2015

Ionics

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Nanogravel structured NiO/Ni electrodes were fabricated by using two-step thermal oxidation method of commercial nickel (Ni) foam in air for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The macro-and micro-structures of the NiO/Ni foam were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Raman spectroscopy. Galvanostatic tests revealed that the electrode exhibits no obvious capacity fading over 40 cycles at 1 C (718 mAg −1 ) and 2.5 C (1.8 Ag −1 ) current rate. The discharge capacity was higher than the theoretical capacity of NiO even at a highcurrent rate of 2.5 C. The electrodes can deliver a reversible capacity of 1116.65 mAh g −1 after 20th cycle at 1 C rate and 1026.20 mAh g −1 after 40th cycle at 2.5 C rate. The cyclic voltammograms and impedance spectra analysis indicated that a redox reaction of NiO-Ni 0 with formation and decomposition of Li 2 O. The excellent electrochemical performance is mainly attributed to the nanogravel structure of the NiO/Ni foam electrodes as well as its excellent electrical contact between NiO and Ni. The unique nanostructured NiO on the highly conductive metallic Ni in core resulted in the enhanced discharge capacity, coulombic efficiency, cyclic stability, and rate capability when utilized as negative electrodes in LIBs.

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of Nanogravel Structured Nio/ni Electrsupporting

confidence: 61%

Nanogravel structured NiO/Ni foam as electrode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Rahman

Wen

2015

Ionics

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“…the CEI should ideally be formed at the potentials below that of the Li extraction from the cathode at the first cycle. In this sense, a large first cycle overpotential commonly observed in conversion cathodes 11,13,[16][17][18]23,27,28,39,41,48,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] is beneficial, as it provides more freedom to select electrolyte compositions with suitable oxidation/reduction potentials [ Fig. 4(a)].…”

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confidence: 99%

In situ surface protection for enhancing stability and performance of conversion-type cathodes

Borodin

Yushin

2017

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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Lithium and lithium-ion batteries (LBs and LIBs) are the most popular battery systems for electrochemical energy storage technologies. Commercial LIBs utilize intercalation-type cathode materials, mostly nickel (Ni)-based and cobalt (Co)-based cathodes, showing specific capacities of up to ∼200 mA h/g (theoretical capacity below 300 mA h/g), which limit the specific energy of batteries, and are additionally expensive and toxic. An EPA study showed that the Ni-and Co-containing batteries that use solvent-based electrode processing have the highest potential for negative environmental impacts. 1 These impacts include resource depletion, global warming, ecological toxicity, and human health impacts with the largest contributing processes include those associated with the production, processing, and use of cobalt and nickel metal compounds, which may cause adverse respiratory, pulmonary, and neurological effects in those exposed. 1 The study suggested cathode material substitution and solvent-less electrode processing to reduce these impacts. 1 The uneven distribution of Co in the earth crust 2 and the insufficient use of suitable personal protection equipment in many Co mining developing countries 3,4 created a major concern. For example, Amnesty International findings of major exploitations of children in Co mines and the related child sickness and deaths 3,4 demonstrate some of the most horrific examples of child labor, which international community should not tolerate and certainly should not encourage through growing market demands for Co. The growing Co contained-electronic waste ABSTRACTThe use of in situ formed protective layer on conversion cathodes was introduced as a cheap and simple strategy to shield these materials from undesirable interactions with liquid electrolytes.Conversion-type cathodes have been viewed as promising candidates to replace Ni-and Co-based intercalation-type cathodes for next-generation lithium (Li) and Li-ion batteries with higher specific energy, lower cost, and potentially longer cycle life. Typically, in conversion reactions two or three Li ions may be stored per just one atom of chalcogen (e.g., S or Se) or transition metal (e.g., Fe or Cu used in halides). Unfortunately, in conversion chemistries the active materials or intermediate charge/discharge products suffer from various unfavorable interactions and dissolution in organic electrolytes. In this mini-review article, we discuss the current interfacial challenges and focus on the protective layers in situ formed on the cathode surface to effectively shield conversion materials from undesirable interactions with liquid electrolytes. We further explore the mechanisms and current progress of forming such protective layers by using various salts, solvents, and additives together with the insight from molecular modeling. Finally, we discuss future opportunities and perspectives of in situ surface protection.Keywords: Li; S; F; coating; energy storage Review DiSCUSSiON POiNTS• Conversion-type cathodes have been viewed as promi...

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“…Apart from metal trifluorides, difluorides have extensively been studied as cathode material for lithium batteries [5,13,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Transition metal difluorides adopt rutile type structure.…”

Section: Metal Difluorides (Mf 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanostructured NiF 2 thin films fabricated by PLD exhibited a first discharge capacity of 650 mA h g −1 [44]. The conversion reactions of NiO-doped NiF 2 -C composite was investigated and compared with pristine NiF 2 with the aim to improving electronic conductivity by introducing covalent M-O bonds [46]. To improve the electrochemical properties of such insulating, high voltage metal fluoride, compositing was performed with conductive carbon matrices [13,45] or the incorporation of covalent M-O bonds [46].…”

Section: Metal Difluorides (Mf 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride Cathodes for Secondary Batteries

Reddy

Fichtner

2015

Advanced Fluoride-Based Materials for Energy Conversion

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Conversion mechanism of nickel fluoride and NiO-doped nickel fluoride in Li ion batteries

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

Nanogravel structured NiO/Ni foam as electrode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Nanogravel structured NiO/Ni foam as electrode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

In situ surface protection for enhancing stability and performance of conversion-type cathodes

Fluoride Cathodes for Secondary Batteries

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