Conversion, intensification, and abandonment: A human appropriation of net primary production approach to analyze historic land-use dynamics in New Zealand 1860–2005

Fetzel, Tamara; Gradwohl, Markus; Erb, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.12.002

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A study for South Africa (81) found low and stable HANPP in the period 1961-2005 owing to a remarkably stable land-cover pattern and increasing HANPP efficiency. In New Zealand, a decrease of HANPP occurred after 1980, before which the HANPP trajectory showed alternating phases of increase and stagnation, while HANPP efficiency steadily increased (61).…”

Section: Regional Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…One particularly interesting ratio is the so-called HANPP efficiency ratio, which can be assessed as the share of harvested biomass (either used extraction, abbreviated HANPP ue , or HANPP harv ) in total HANPP, e.g., as HANPP ue /HANPP (see sidebar on "HANPP Efficiency") (61,62). Land-use systems with low HANPP luc are characterized by a higher HANPP efficiency than are those with large productivity losses.…”

Section: Hanpp Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production: Patterns, Trends, and Planetary Boundaries

Haberl

Erb

Krausmann

2014

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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216

190

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Economic and population growth result in increasing use of biophysical resources, including land and biomass. Human activities influence the biological productivity of land, altering material and energy flows in the biosphere. The human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) is an integrated socioecological indicator quantifying effects of human-induced changes in productivity and harvest on ecological biomass flows. We discuss how HANPP is defined, measured, and interpreted. Two principal approaches for constructing HANPP assessments exist: (a) In an area-specific approach, HANPP serves as an indicator of land-use intensity, gauging impacts on terrestrial ecosystems in a defined area; and (b) the consumptionbased "embodied HANPP" approach allows assessment of impacts related to individual products or the aggregate consumption of nation-states. The HANPP framework can help to estimate upper limits for the biosphere's capacity to provide humanity with biomass for food, fiber, and bioenergy and to analyze systemic feedbacks between the delivery of these resources. We outline HANPP's global patterns and trajectories and how HANPP relates to planetary boundaries, global resource use, and pressures on biodiversity. 363 Annu. Rev. Environ. Resourc. 2014.39:363-391. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on 11/04/14. For personal use only.

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Section: Regional Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Hanpp Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production: Patterns, Trends, and Planetary Boundaries

Haberl

Erb

Krausmann

2014

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

Self Cite

216

190

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“…Decreases in agricultural land cover were offset by increases in harvest and aboveground NPPact associated with agricultural intensification. In contrast, studies of Spain [33], Hungary [32], New Zealand [27], and the United Kingdom [34] all showed declines in aHANPP over time. In each of these nations, decline in aHANPP was associated with a decrease in row crop cover caused by industrialization of agriculture and concomitant increases in pasture or forest cover.…”

Section: Comparison To Regional and National Patterns Of Hanppmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The studies also indicate that HANPP is spatially and temporally heterogeneous (Figure 1). Increased values of HANPP reflect increased row crop activity over time in Nova Scotia, Canada [26], and replacement of forest with pasture in New Zealand [27] or an evolving influence of harvest and land use change in the Philippines [28]. In contrast, industrialization of agriculture caused a decline in HANPP over time in Italy [29], Germany [30], Austria [31], Hungary [32], and Spain [33], although political and economic change also played a role in these countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) in an Agriculturally-Dominated Watershed, Southeastern USA

Andersen

Donovan

Quinn

2015

Land

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Human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) quantifies alteration of the biosphere caused by land use change and biomass harvest. In global and regional scale assessments, the majority of HANPP is associated with agricultural biomass harvest. We adapted these methods to the watershed scale and calculated land cover change and HANPP in an agricultural watershed in 1968 . Between 1968, forest cover remained near 50% of the watershed, but row crop decreased from 26% to 0.4%, pasture increased from 19% to 32%, and residential area increased from 2% to 10%. Total HANPP decreased from 35% of potential Net Primary Productivity (NPP) in 1968 to 28% in 2011. Aboveground HANPP remained constant at 42%. Land use change accounted for 86%-89% of HANPP. Aboveground HANPP did not change despite the major shift in agricultural land use from row crop and pasture. The HANPP and land use change in Doddies Creek watershed reflects changing land use patterns in the southeastern US, driven by a complex interaction of local to global scale processes including change in farm viability, industrialization of agriculture, and demographic shifts. In the future, urbanization and biofuel production are likely to become important drivers of HANPP in the region. At the watershed scale, HANPP can be useful for improving land use decisions and landscape management to decrease human impact on the ecosystem and ensure the flow of ecosystem services. OPEN ACCESSLand 2015, 4 514

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“…However, we do not yet know the full extent of the response of the net ecosystem C balance (NECB) -and its components -in unaltered New Zealand peatlands to dry versus wet conditions on seasonal to annual timescales. Therefore we have little basis for predicting NECB changes in these systems when environmental changes are imposed from neighboring land use intensification (e.g., Fetzel et al, 2014) and with the potential for increasing severity of summer droughts due to climate change (Perry et al, 2014;Dai, 2013;Trenberth et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Hemisphere bog persists as a strong carbon sink during droughts

2017

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Abstract. Peatland ecosystems have been important global carbon sinks throughout the Holocene. Most of the research on peatland carbon budgets and effects of variable weather conditions has been done in Northern Hemisphere Sphagnum-dominated systems. Given their importance in other geographic and climatic regions, a better understanding of peatland carbon dynamics is needed across the spectrum of global peatland types. In New Zealand, much of the historic peatland area has been drained for agriculture but little is known about rates of carbon exchange and storage in unaltered peatland remnants that are dominated by the jointed wire rush, Empodisma robustum. We used eddy covariance to measure ecosystem-scale CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes and a water balance approach to estimate the sub-surface flux of dissolved organic carbon from the largest remaining raised peat bog in New Zealand, Kopuatai bog. The net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) was estimated over four years, which included two drought summers, a relatively wet summer, and a meteorologically average summer. In all measurement years, the bog was a substantial sink for carbon, ranging from 134.7 to 216.9 gC m −2 yr −1 , owing to the large annual net ecosystem production (161.8 to 244.9 gCO 2 -C m −2 yr −1 ). Annual methane fluxes were large relative to most Northern Hemisphere peatlands (14.2 to 21.9 gCH 4 -C m −2 yr −1 ), although summer and autumn emissions were highly sensitive to dry conditions, leading to very predictable seasonality according to water table position. The annual flux of dissolved organic carbon was similar in magnitude to methane emissions but less variable, ranging from 11.7 to 12.8 gC m −2 yr −1 . Dry conditions experienced during late summer droughts led to significant reductions in annual carbon storage, which resulted nearly equally from enhanced ecosystem respiration due to lowered water tables and increased temperatures, and from reduced gross primary production due to vapor pressure deficit-related stresses to the vegetation. However, the net C uptake of Kopuatai bog during drought years was large relative to even the maximum reported NECB from Northern Hemisphere bogs. Furthermore, global warming potential fluxes indicated the bog was a strong sink for greenhouse gases in all years despite the relatively large annual methane emissions. Our results suggest that adaptations of E. robustum to dry conditions lead to a resilient peatland drought response of the NECB.

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Conversion, intensification, and abandonment: A human appropriation of net primary production approach to analyze historic land-use dynamics in New Zealand 1860–2005

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production: Patterns, Trends, and Planetary Boundaries

Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production: Patterns, Trends, and Planetary Boundaries

Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) in an Agriculturally-Dominated Watershed, Southeastern USA

Southern Hemisphere bog persists as a strong carbon sink during droughts

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