Convergent inputs to single neurons in two different subdivisions of somatosensory forepaw digit cortex of the raccoon

Doetsch, Gernot S.; Stoney, Susan; Hauge, David H.

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(92)90059-y

Experimental Neurology

1992

DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(92)90059-y

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Convergent inputs to single neurons in two different subdivisions of somatosensory forepaw digit cortex of the raccoon

Gernot S. Doetsch

Susan Stoney

David H. Hauge

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Cited by 6 publications

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“…This carnivore has forepaws with highly developed tactile sensitivity and behavioral dexterity (Welker and Seidenstein, 1959;Buxton and Goodman, 1968). It possesses a correspondingly enlarged and highly differentiated somatosensory system, for which lemniscal and nonlemniscal pathways, cytoarchitectural organization, and physiological properties have been described (Welker et al, 1964;Welker and Johnson, 1965;Herron, 1983;Johnson, 1985;Wiener et al, 1987;Doetsch et al, 1988Doetsch et al, , 1992Rasmusson et al, 1991). Given the welldifferentiated somatosensory system of both raccoons and primates, the thalamic distributions of PV ϩ and CaBP ϩ neurons might be expected to resemble each other; this issue was examined in the present study.…”

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confidence: 97%

Distribution of neurons immunoreactive for parvalbumin and calbindin in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon

et al. 1997

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The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of neurons immunoreactive for parvalbumin (PV), calbindin (CaBP), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon and to compare these features to those of other species, especially primates. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the location of these neurons in the ventroposterior nucleus (VP), ventroposterior inferior nucleus (VPI), posterior group of nuclei (Po), and reticular nucleus (Rt). A consistent differential pattern of PV-positive (PV+) and CaBP-positive (CaBP+) cells was found in the somatosensory thalamus. Many PV+ neurons were observed in VP and Rt, but very few were found in VPI or Po. In contrast, CaBP+ neurons were distributed throughout VP, VPI, and Po but were very sparse or absent in Rt. In the VP nucleus, PV+ cells were distributed in clusters separated by interclusteral regions with a sparse distribution of PV+ cell bodies. The distributions of PV+ and CaBP+ cells tended to be complementary to each other in VP; regions with a high density of PV+ neurons had a low density of CaBP+ cell bodies. Double-labeling experiments revealed very few neurons in which PV and CaBP immunoreactivities were colocalized. Cells immunoreactive for GAD or GABA were found in PV-dense clusters of VP; fewer GABAergic neurons were present in the CaBP-dense interclusteral regions of VP and in VPI and Po. GAD+ and GABA+ neurons were most prominently distributed in Rt. We conclude that the distributions of PV+ and CaBP+ cell bodies in the raccoon somatosensory thalamus are very similar to those in primates. The density of GABAergic neurons in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon is less than that in the cat and monkey, but the relative distribution of GABAergic neurons in the different somatosensory nuclei is very similar to that in the cat and monkey. These results are discussed in relation to findings in other species and are related to the functions of lemniscal and nonlemniscal somatosensory pathways.

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confidence: 97%

Distribution of neurons immunoreactive for parvalbumin and calbindin in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon

et al. 1997

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Short-term plasticity in primary somatosensory cortex of the rat: rapid changes in magnitudes and latencies of neuronal responses following digit denervation

et al. 1996

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Recordings were made from neurons in primary somatosensory (SmI) forepaw cortex of rats to study the time course of changes in responses beginning immediately following denervation (ligation) of a single digit. Before denervation, neuronal receptive fields (RFs) defined by tactile stimulation varied in size from small regions of one digit to larger areas covering several digits and palmar pads. With electrical stimulation, most neurons responded best to one (on-focus) digit and less to other (off-focus) digits; on-focus stimulation yielded more spikes per stimulus and shorter spike latencies (Lmin) than did off-focus stimulation. After ligation of the on-focus digit, most neurons showed increased responsiveness to stimulating one or several off-focus digits and palmar regions of the forepaw: (1) tactile stimulation showed that the RFs of all but one neuron expanded to include previously "ineffective" skin regions, such as digits or palmar pads adjoining the original RF; (2) electrical stimulation usually evoked stronger responses from neighboring off-focus digits and sometimes elicited novel responses from previously ineffective digits--seven of ten neurons showed increases in spikes per stimulus, which tended to approach stable values within 60-90 min after denervation; three of ten neurons showed decreases in Lmin with time, but most revealed no significant changes. These results suggest that dynamic response properties, as well as RFs, of SmI cortical neurons can be modified rapidly by blocking afferent input from dominant on-focus skin regions. RFs expand and novel responses appear, with concomitant increases in response magnitude and, in some cases, decreases in response latency over time. These findings seem to reflect a rapid increase in synaptic efficacy of weak or previously ineffective inputs from cutaneous afferent nerve fibers.

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Immunoreactivity for GAD and Three Peptides in Somatosensory Cortex and Thalamus of the Raccoon

Doetsch¹,

Norelle²,

Mark³

et al. 1993

Brain Research Bulletin

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Convergent inputs to single neurons in two different subdivisions of somatosensory forepaw digit cortex of the raccoon

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Distribution of neurons immunoreactive for parvalbumin and calbindin in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon

Distribution of neurons immunoreactive for parvalbumin and calbindin in the somatosensory thalamus of the raccoon

Short-term plasticity in primary somatosensory cortex of the rat: rapid changes in magnitudes and latencies of neuronal responses following digit denervation

Immunoreactivity for GAD and Three Peptides in Somatosensory Cortex and Thalamus of the Raccoon

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