Convergence, trade and factor mobility in the European Union — Implications for enlargement and regional policy

Abstract

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International Trade and Regional Income Convergence: The ASEAN-5 Evidence

“…Studies attempt to focus on RTAs to income convergence (Moon, 2006;Niebuhr and Schlitte, 2004;Lopez-Bazo, Vaya and Artis, 2004) are arrived at mixed results. Convergence within a group of nations does not imply a reduction in international inequality but does imply a convergence within a group motivated by population growth rates, investment rates, human capital and policy interventions.…”

“…Convergence within a group of nations does not imply a reduction in international inequality but does imply a convergence within a group motivated by population growth rates, investment rates, human capital and policy interventions. For example, Niebuhr and Schlitte (2004) June 1986, this is extended to 12647 items using a more efficient across-the-board approach.…”

Strategic business marketing developments in the New Europe: Retrospect and prospect

“…Indeed, at the current rate of economic convergence, it will take almost 100 years for the economies of the EU-15 to equalize at the per capita basis (Niebuhr & Schlitte, 2004). Per capita annual expenditure on goods and services is five times higher in Germany than it is in Portugal and vast consumption pattern differences are also apparent.…”

Economic Convergence in the European Union: How does Malta Fit in?

“…In contrast, studies that focused on EU member states report a faster rate of convergence. The many authors who addressed this issued include Neven and Gouyette (1995), Basile et al (2001), Niebuhr and Schlitte (2004), and Eckey et al (2005) Note 2. Paas and Schlitte (2006) argue that a significant process of divergence is evident across regions in the new member states.…”