Convergence Revisited

Abstract

This article revisits the nature and governance implications of the convergence phenomenon more than a decade after it gained major prominence in politics and research. It analyses the reforms undertaken in reaction to convergence, outlines their common features, and argues that a worldwide trend towards a modified common governance pattern for convergent communications markets is emerging. The major constituent components include integrated strategies, control structures and legal frameworks for the convergent communications sector; a technology-neutral functional taxonomy; a subdivision into transmission and content regulation; and a growing reliance on alternative modes of regulation such as self-and co-regulation.

Kajian hukum penerapan prinsip netral teknologi dalam pemanfaatan spectrum sharing (Study on implementation of neutral technology law on spectrum sharing)

“…Pengaplikasian RAN sharing selain dapat meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi spektrum frekuensi radio juga dapat menekan biaya capital expenditure (capex) dan operating expenditure (opex) operator seluler secara signifikan (Setiawan, 2015b). Penerapan RAN sharing terbukti dapat menekan biaya capital expenditure (capex) dan operating expenditure (opex) hingga 30% lebih (Larsen, 2012). Selain itu, model bisnis RAN sharing dapat memberikan keuntungan lebih cepat kepada operator seluller.…”

“…Menurut asosiasi 3GPP, beberapa model penerapan sharing antar penyelenggara telekomunikasi yang diterapkan di beberapa negara dibedakan menjadi 3 (tiga) bagian, yaitu (Pearson & Osmotherly, 2015 (Brydon, 2015). Berikut gambaran penerapan metode Gateway Core Network (GWCN) (Larsen, 2012) :…”

Towards an Innovation-Co-Evolution-Complexity Perspective on Communications Policy

“…Driving forces of media change are technological, economic, political and cultural (Latzer, 2009b), leading to the crucial question of how these different kinds of innovation interrelate. To approach this question, innovation can be combined with evolution, which constitutes a meta theory of change (Schneider, 2008).…”

“…A good example is the technology-based classification into broadcasting and telecommunications, which is losing its analytical value (Latzer, 1997;2009b). This dilemma is mirrored in communications policy and regulation, which were based on technology-oriented classifications.…”

“…However, policymakers have reacted to these challenges with some delay. An analysis of worldwide governance reactions to convergence nevertheless points to the emergence of a modified common governance pattern for convergent communications markets in the mediamatics era, with the new common features of functionally based, technology-neutral classifications and horizontally integrated regulators and laws (Latzer, 2009b).…”