“…Currently, there are many studies showing the application of blockchain in various fields including, but not limited to manufacturing (Islam and Cullen, 2021;Sumathi et al, 2021;Chen et al, 2022;Lee et al, 2023), education (Panagiotidis, 2022), social network (Huynh et al, 2023, Internet of Things (Ma et al, 2020;Chen et al,2020), finance (Swami and Arage, 2022), food (Islam and Cullen, 2021), and healthcare (Sumathi et al, 2021;Swami and Arage, 2022).…”