Conventional Antibiotics for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Are They Still Effective?

Avadhanam, Mahathi; Kulkarni, Anand V.

doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002155

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most guidelines recommend third-generation cephalosporins (TGCs) as an empirical treatment for community-acquired infections [25,29]. If current AMR trends continue, this approach may require caveats in regions where AMR is high, leading to the circulation of MDROs in the community, thus rendering the TGCs ineffective [30]. The greatest peril resulting from this scenario is inadequate MDRO coverage by currently used empirical antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Outcomes of Infections in ICU Patients With Cirrhosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Kulkarni,

Rakam,

Avadhanam

et al. 2023

Cureus

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to infections, especially by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). There are limited data on the incidence of culture-positive infections and the validity of Sepsis 3-criteria in patients with cirrhosis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in India, which we aimed to assess.Methods: In this prospective study, we included consecutive patients with cirrhosis admitted to the ICU between November 1, 2021, and April 30, 2022. The primary objective was to compare the outcomes of patients with microbiologically proven infections with those without proven infections. The secondary objective was to assess the predictors of infections and mortality and the impact of drug-resistant organisms.Results: A total of 298 patients (9.4% women) were included. The incidence of microbiologically proven infection was 34% (101/298; 95%CI=27.6-41.2). Most patients (61%) had healthcare-associated infections, Gram-negative organisms accounted for 75.3%, and bacteremia was the commonest site. Drug-resistant organisms accounted for 52.5% (53/101; 95%CI=39.3-68.7), of which 39.6% were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 12.8% were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Mortality was significantly higher in patients with proven infections than those without (61.4% vs. 44.2%; P=0.007). The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (OR=1.91; 95%CI=1.04-3.52; P<0.001) and presence of fever and/or positive quick SOFA (qSOFA; OR=1.91;1.04-3.52; P=0.03) were associated with an increased risk of infections. The SOFA score (OR=1.06;95%CI=1.002-1.12; P=0.04), MELD NA score (OR=1.08;95%CI=1.05-1.12; P<0.001), and presence of fever and/or positive qSOFA (OR=2.19; 95%CI=1.27-3.76; P=0.005) predicted mortality.Conclusions: One-third of the patients with cirrhosis admitted to the ICU had microbiologically proven infection, and the mortality rate in such patients was high. SOFA, qSOFA, and fever can predict microbiologically proven infections and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Outcomes of Infections in ICU Patients With Cirrhosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Kulkarni,

Rakam,

Avadhanam

et al. 2023

Cureus

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…effect, which results in a significant increase in antibacterial activity against various strains of bacteria. 5,6 However, to the best of our knowledge, ZnO nanoparticles with cefotaxime capping have not been studied in the literature before. The environmental impact of excess antibiotics use has become a major concern.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Cefotaxime Capped Metal Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

2023

JPMI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives:The study describes the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures doped with metals including Ca, Mg, Mn, Ag and Cu using a co-precipitation method. Methodology:The nanostructures were examined through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) assessment The antibacterial efficacy of these nanostructures was evaluated using a modified disk diffusion Kirby Bauer method.Results: Nanostructures displayed effective antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacterial strains. The most effective nanostructures were found to be those made with Ca-Cefotaxime and Ag-Cefotaxime doped ZnO. Conclusions:The study demonstrates that the combination of ZnO and Cefotaxime with different metal ions has an impact on the antibacterial activity against various bacterial strains. To the best of our knowledge, nanoparticles with cefotaxime have not been studied in the literature before. Further studies should investigate the mechanism of action.

show abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance in Cirrhosis

Jahagirdar,

Habeeb,

Kulkarni

2024

Curr Hepatology Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conventional Antibiotics for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Are They Still Effective?

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Predictors and Outcomes of Infections in ICU Patients With Cirrhosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Predictors and Outcomes of Infections in ICU Patients With Cirrhosis: A Single-Center Observational Study

Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Cefotaxime Capped Metal Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures

Antimicrobial Resistance in Cirrhosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About