Conventional and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have different smoking characteristics

Trtchounian, Anna; Williams, Monique; Talbot, Prue

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntq114

Cited by 172 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

176

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The original EC consisted of a cartridge with nicotine-containing fluid and an atomizer which aerosolized the cartridge fluid when heated by a battery (Trtchounian et al, 2010). In many newer models, the cartridge and atomizer are combined into a single unit, termed a ''cartomizer'' (Williams and Talbot, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Used cartomizers can be replaced or refilled with fresh fluid, referred to as refill fluid (Bahl et al, 2012). Although the basic design of EC is similar across brands, significant variation in performance exists between and within brands (Trtchounian et al, 2010;Williams and Talbot, 2011). EC and their associated products are sold in shops, malls, and online where age verification is not always needed, making these products relatively accessible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of toxicants in cinnamon-flavored electronic cigarette refill fluids

Behar

Davis

Wang

et al. 2014

Toxicology in Vitro

225

211

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tIn a prior study on electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids, Cinnamon Ceylon was the most cytotoxic of 36 products tested. The purpose of the current study was to determine if high cytotoxicity is a general feature of cinnamon-flavored EC refill fluids and to identify the toxicant(s) in Cinnamon Ceylon. Eight cinnamon-flavored refill fluids, which were screened using the MTT assay, varied in their cytotoxicity with most being cytotoxic. Human embryonic stem cells were generally more sensitive than human adult pulmonary fibroblasts. Most products were highly volatile and produced vapors that impaired survival of cells in adjacent wells. Cinnamaldehyde (CAD), 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (2MOCA), dipropylene glycol, and vanillin were identified in the cinnamon-flavored refill fluids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). When authentic standards of each chemical were tested using the MTT assay, only CAD and 2MOCA were highly cytotoxic. The amount of each chemical in the refill fluids was quantified using HPLC, and cytotoxicity correlated with the amount of CAD/ product. Duplicate bottles of the same product were similar, but varied in their concentrations of 2MOCA. These data show that the cinnamon flavorings in refill fluids are linked to cytotoxicity, which could adversely affect EC users.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of toxicants in cinnamon-flavored electronic cigarette refill fluids

Behar

Davis

Wang

et al. 2014

Toxicology in Vitro

225

211

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, e-cigarette and tobacco cigarette puffing characteristics differ (Trtchounian et al, 2011); there is a learning curve to efficient vaping (McQueen et al, 2011); and regular users tend to use second rather than first generation devices (Dawkins et al, 2013;Foulds, Veldheer & Berg, 2011). In order to determine whether user experience and/or characteristics of the e-cigarette itself might influence blood nicotine delivery, Vansickel and Eissenberg (2013) carried out a pragmatic test in eight experienced e-cigarette users who used their own preferred devices and strength of nicotine cartridges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute electronic cigarette use: nicotine delivery and subjective effects in regular users

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale Electronic cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular among smokers worldwide. Commonly reported reasons for use include: to quit smoking, avoid relapse, reduce urge to smoke, or as a perceived lower risk alternative to smoking. Few studies however, have explored whether e-cigarettes deliver measurable levels of nicotine to the blood.Objective This study in experienced users explores the effect of using an 18 mg/ml nicotine first generation e-cigarette on blood nicotine, tobacco withdrawal symptoms and urge to smoke.Methods Fourteen regular e-cigarette users (3 female), abstinent from smoking and ecigarette use for 12 h, each completed a 3 h testing session. Blood was sampled and questionnaires completed (tobacco-related withdrawal symptoms, urge to smoke, positive and negative subjective effects) at four stages: baseline, 10 puffs, 60 min of ad lib use and a 60 min rest period.Results Complete sets of blood were obtained from 7 participants. Plasma nicotine concentration rose significantly from a mean of 0.74 ng/ml at baseline to 6.77 ng/ml 10 min after 10 puffs, reaching a mean maximum of 13.91 ng/ml by the end of the ad lib puffing period. Tobacco related withdrawal symptoms and urge to smoke were significantly reduced, direct positive effects were strongly endorsed and there was very low reporting of adverse effects.Conclusions These findings demonstrate reliable blood nicotine delivery after acute use of this brand/model of e-cigarette in a sample of regular users. Future studies might usefully quantify nicotine delivery in relation to inhalation technique and the relationship with successful smoking cessation/harm reduction.

show abstract

“…For example, a recent study found unsafe levels of acetaldehyde in a brand of e-cigarettes [9]. Further, electronic cigarettes have been shown to require stronger and stronger vacuums (increase puff strength) to create vapor as the amount of fluid decreases with use [10]. The variability of the puff strength varied with the brand of electronic cigarette tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Pneumonia and Pleural Effusions Subsequent to Electronic Cigarette Use

Moore¹,

Young²,

Ryan³

2015

OJEM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic nicotine delivery systems also known as electronic cigarettes (or e-cigarettes) are marketed by their manufactures as a safer alternative to tobacco cigarettes because of potentially reduced delivery of toxins. However, the scientific evidence and the long-term health effects of e-cigarettes are limited. We describe a case of a 43-year-old man who had been smoking electronic cigarettes excessively for three days and presented with acute dyspnea, increased work of breathing and tachycardia. Subsequent chest x-ray revealed bilateral pleural effusions. In addition, the patient had a new oxygen requirement and was thus admitted with a diagnosis of pneumonia and bilateral pleural effusions. The case and the potential harmful effects of electronic cigarettes are discussed herein.

show abstract

Conventional and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have different smoking characteristics

Cited by 172 publications

References 6 publications

Identification of toxicants in cinnamon-flavored electronic cigarette refill fluids

Identification of toxicants in cinnamon-flavored electronic cigarette refill fluids

Acute electronic cigarette use: nicotine delivery and subjective effects in regular users

Bilateral Pneumonia and Pleural Effusions Subsequent to Electronic Cigarette Use

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About