Convenient synthesis of one-dimensional a-SEP@LDH via self-assembly towards simultaneously improved fire retardance, mechanical strength and thermal resistance for epoxy resin

Zhang, Haijun; Hu, Xiaoping; Liu, Yingru; Zhang, Suhua; Wu, Zhenzhong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.108857

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…(2) Cooling effect: During heating, both LDH and HA underwent endothermic decomposition reactions and absorbed heat from the combustion cycle and surface of the EP substrate. 53 (3) Isolation effect: When LDH and HA were thermally decomposed, the corresponding metal oxides, such as MgO, Al 2 O 3 , and CaO, provided a stable covering layer on the surface of the polymeric material, making it difficult for fire-generated heat to pass through the material interface. Moreover, the metal oxide barrier also isolates the EP material from oxygen and reactive radical species in the air, thereby preventing chain reaction combustion of EP polymers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets, Hydroxy-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as Flame Retardants for Epoxy Resins

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Fire safety in civil aviation requires high-performance flame retardants to control the flammability of epoxy (EP) resins used widely in aircrafts. In this study, a novel and nanoscale hybrid flame retardant was designed with incorporated layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets, −OH-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs)(−OH), and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles. Experimental characterizations and theoretical simulations demonstrated that the interwoven networks of CNTs afford a supporting framework to ensure homogeneous dispersion of LDH nanosheets and HA nanoparticles and also enhance the mechanical strength of the flame-retardant-treated EP resin substrate. This newly designed flame retardant exhibits pronounced flame retardation performance, as shown by the low peak heat release rate of 580 kW/m 2 , notably small total heat release rate of 20.8%, relatively low CO production of 0.030 g/s, high limit oxygen index of 30.5%, and high char yield of 23.3% at 700 °C. These remarkable flame retarding properties result from synergism among LDH, CNT(−OH), and HA components, which is demonstrated using both theoretical and experimental analyses. This work will provide new insights into the design of highly efficient nanostructured flame retardants for EP resins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets, Hydroxy-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as Flame Retardants for Epoxy Resins

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…The a-SEP@LDH was prepared by hydrothermal assisted coprecipitation as described in previous literature [12]. In short, a certain amount of raw sepiolite (r-SEP) was rstly dispersed in the aqueous solution for 30min, then ltered the above suspension solution.…”

Section: Preparation Of A-sep@ldhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak at 2θ = 27.57°caused by the π-π stacking is greatly weakened in EP/PAMA, it can be caused by the reaction of the excessive -NH 2 group of PAMA with the epoxy group and the low content of PAMA. The typical peaks of (003) and (006) belonging to LDH disappear in EP/a-SEP@LDH due to the weakened van der Waals force among LDH laminates by the electrostatic interaction between a-SEP and LDH, as a result, the interlayers of LDH can be easily exfoliated [12]. Surprisingly, there is no obvious characteristic peak in EP/a-SEP@LDH/PAMA system, illustrating a satisfactory dispersion state of PAMA and a-SEP@LDH in EP matrix.…”

Section: Dispersion Of A-sep@ldh/pama In Ep Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The synergistic effect of sepiolite-LDH hybrid nanofiber and phytic-based nanosheet towards improving the fire retardancy, heat resistance, and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

Zhang

Han

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Usually, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory fire retardancy of epoxy resin at low addition by adding inorganic nano-fillers alone. Herein, sepiolite nanofibers loaded with layered double metal hydroxide (a-SEP@LDH) and P/N-containing flame retardant nanosheet (PAMA) were prepared via hydrothermal method, respectively. The UL-94 V-0 rating and an LOI value of 31.6% were achieved for EP by loading 1wt% a-SEP@LDH and 2wt% PAMA. Compared to adding sole a-SEP@LDH, the thermal stability of EP/a-SEP@LDH/PAMA was improved significantly, the total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (pHRR) decreased by 10.2% and 28.8%, respectively. Additionally, the total CO2 production decreased by 12.5% and the char residue yield increased to 19.9wt%. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of the EP composites were remarkably improved owing to the incorporation of PAMA. To sum up, this work provides an environmentally benign, low-cost and efficient way for EP to achieve outstanding fire retardance, excellent thermal stability and high mechanical properties at a low addition.

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“…, where M 2+ and M 3+ are metal cations, such as Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Al 3+ , and Fe 3+ , which are in balance with the interlayer anions (An -), such as NO 3 -, OH -, and CO 3 2-. LDHs have a wide range of applications in drug release [26], adsorbents [27,28], catalysis [29,30], supercapacitors [31], and flame retardants [32][33][34]. As a nanoflame retardant, LDHs have been widely used in plenty of polymers including EVA, PP, and EP [35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Polyphosphate Intercalated Yttrium-Doped Layered Double Hydroxides to Enhance the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Poly(Lactic Acid)

Dai

Cao

et al. 2022

Advances in Polymer Technology

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The flammability of the biodegradable plastic PLA limits its application in industrial fields with high flame-retardant requirements. This paper provides a novel strategy for constructing refractory and thermostable PLA composites using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) chemically modified with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and TEM confirm that the goal of LDHs has been successfully prepared. The thermal stability and combustion behavior of PLA composites were evaluated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimetry tests (CCT). The crystallization behavior and tensile performances were also examined. The results showed that the incorporation of 15 wt% MgAlY-APP-LDHs practically makes the PLA composites reach the UL-94 V-0 grade. There were 43% and 20% reduction in the PHRR and THR of PLA/15APP-LDHs respectively due to the catalytic effect of Y elements and barrier effects of LDHs, which was a major performance against fire hazards. Furthermore, the increase in crystallinity and the decrease in mechanical strength of PLA composites are attributed to the nucleation of LDHs. In short, this research introduces the production of multifunctional PLA composites through APP intercalation of LDHs, which are deemed as prospective candidates for the next generation of sustainable plastics products.

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Convenient synthesis of one-dimensional a-SEP@LDH via self-assembly towards simultaneously improved fire retardance, mechanical strength and thermal resistance for epoxy resin

Cited by 36 publications

References 78 publications

Composites of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets, Hydroxy-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as Flame Retardants for Epoxy Resins

Composites of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets, Hydroxy-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as Flame Retardants for Epoxy Resins

The synergistic effect of sepiolite-LDH hybrid nanofiber and phytic-based nanosheet towards improving the fire retardancy, heat resistance, and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

Ammonium Polyphosphate Intercalated Yttrium-Doped Layered Double Hydroxides to Enhance the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Poly(Lactic Acid)

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