Convenient Synthesis and Free-Radical Copolymerization of p-Chloromethylstyrene

Kondo, Shuji; Ohtsuka, Toshiyuki; Ogura, Kiyoshi; Tsuda, Kazuich

doi:10.1080/00222337908056687

Cited by 85 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Kondo et al described this procedure in detail. 18 Hydrobromic acid was used as halogenating agent, and hydrogen chloride and paraformaldehyde were used as chloromethylation agents. To improve the conversion in halogenating reaction and make the operation easy in the chloromethylation reaction, red phosphor and bromine and concentrated hydrochloric acid and phosphorus oxychloride replaced hydrobromic acid and hydrogen chloride in our synthesis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

Yang

et al. 2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:A new type of mono-sheet bipolar membrane was produced from a porous polyethylene (PE) substrate using simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) on one side and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) on the other side. PE film with absorbent filter paper absorbing AA on one side and paper absorbing CMS on the other side was irradiated in the cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation field, followed by quaternization with trimethylamine aqueous solution. AA and CMS were grafted on the substrate membrane simultaneously. The performance of the final membrane is significantly affected by the irradiation time. For short irradiation time, the prepared membrane behaves as a bipolar membrane; whereas for long irradiation time, the final membrane behaves as a charge mosaic membrane. Therefore, by controlling the conditions, a bipolar membrane with good current rectification can be prepared, across which the voltage drop is ϳ2.0 V at the current density 800 A/m 2 in 1.0 M NaOH. This preparation method is simple and can be applied both in laboratory and in industry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

Yang

et al. 2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Although the copolymerization parameters for styrene (M 1 ) and CMS (M 2 ) are almost ideal (r 1 = 0.72, r 2 = 1.32) common radical copolymerization also suffers from transfer reactions, which consume CHCl 2 groups almost completely. [1,2] Anionic and transition-metal-catalyzed polymerization or copolymerization can not be used as well, due to the reactivity of the CHCl 2 functions towards the reactive intermediates of these routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of New Graft Copolymers by Combining the DPE Technique and Cationic Polymerization

Wieland¹,

Schäfer²,

Nuyken³

2002

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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The synthesis of a new macroinitiator for cationic polymerization via radical polymerization is presented. The macroinitiator, consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly[styrene‐co‐(4‐chloromethylstyrene)], was synthesized by heating poly(methyl methacrylate), prepared in the presence of 1,1‐diphenylethylene, in a mixture of styrene and 4‐chloromethylstyrene to 85°C without any additional initiator. The resulting macroinitiator could be used for the cationic polymerization of isobutylene yielding graft copolymers.

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“…Styrene and chloromethyl styrene were copolymerized in benzene with azobis(isobutyro-nitrile) as an initiator at 70aC. 9 The precipitated polymer, copoly(St/CMSt), was reprecipitated three times from benzene into methanol, and then dried at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Study on the Dynamics and Structure of Polymer Chain I. Intramacromolecular Photo-crosslinking Reaction of a Polymer Containing Anthryl and Eosinyl Moieties in Dilute Solution

Torii

Ushiki

Horie

1992

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:A photo-crosslinkable polymer with pendant anthryl and eosinyl m01etJes attached to its side chains was synthesized. Dilute DMF (N,N-dimethyl formamide) solutions of the polymer were UV-irradiated to induce intramacromolecular photo-crosslinking reaction under degassed conditions. Decrease in anthryl moiety based on photo-dimerization between anthryl moieties during the UV-irradiation was evaluated from the change in absorption spectra. Change in the dimensions of the polymer coil induced by the reaction was studied by GPC. Parameters for polymer chain dynamics were studied in the course of the intramacromolecular crosslinking reaction resulting in shrinkage of the polymer coil. The time-conversion curve of the photodimerization between anthryl moieties showed that the photo-crosslinking reaction consists of two stages. The mobility of polymer chain segments decreased gradually in the initial stage and deceases rapidly in the later stage. Radius of gyration of the polymer coil and the rotational mobility of side chain decreased rapidly only in the later stage. Three possible models for the reaction are discussed in order to explain the results. The short range reaction model is most suitable model for the intramacromolecular crosslinking reaction. In the initial stage crosslinks are formed between nearest-neighbor side chains; in the later stage shrinkage of the polymer coil occurs due to formation of crosslinks between far-apart side chains which remained unreacted in the initial stage.

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Convenient Synthesis and Free-Radical Copolymerization of p-Chloromethylstyrene

Cited by 85 publications

References 6 publications

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

Preparation of a mono‐sheet bipolar membrane by simultaneous irradiation grafting polymerization of acrylic acid and chloromethylstyrene

Synthesis of New Graft Copolymers by Combining the DPE Technique and Cationic Polymerization

Fluorescence Study on the Dynamics and Structure of Polymer Chain I. Intramacromolecular Photo-crosslinking Reaction of a Polymer Containing Anthryl and Eosinyl Moieties in Dilute Solution

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