Convective Rain Rates and their Evolution during Storms in a Semiarid Climate

Doneaud, A. A.; Ionescu-Niscov, Stefano; Miller, James R.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1602:crrate>2.0.co;2

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Rapid recovery of the boundary layer over the next 2.5 hours is clearly evident as 0e returns to near-preevent values. The thermodynamic and kinematic sequence closely resembles signatures seen in surface fields in response to convective storms [Burpee, 1979;Cooper et al, 1982;Doneaud et al, 1984;Ulanski and Garstang, 1978;Watson et al, 1981] with characteristic gradients in wind speed and temperature [Charba, 1974;Wakimoto, 1982;Mahoney, 1988…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport

Scala¹,

Garstang²,

Tao³

et al. 1990

J. Geophys. Res.

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Field observations obtained during the second NASA Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B), and two-dimensional moist cloud model simulations are used to determine the dominant transport pathways within a continental tropical squall line. A surface-based network triangle provided the focus for a multi-instrumental sampling of the May 6, 1987, squall line which propagated through the central Amazon basin at a rate of 40-50 km h -l . Extensive use is made of the vertical distribution of specific trace gases that are representative of the prestorm and poststorm environment. One-dimensional photochemical model results suggest the observed poststorm changes in ozone concentration can be attributed to cohvective transports rather than photochemical production. Two-dimensional cloud model results detail the dynamic and thermodynamic attributes of the simulated squall convection. The well-mixed moist troposphere in which the observed squall system developed may have hindered strong downdraft development. Parcel trajectory analyses are conducted to investigate the flow patte?ns of convective transports. A significant proportion (> 50%) of the air transported to the anvil region originated at or above 6 km, not from the boundary layer via undilute cores. The presence of a midlevel inflow and a strong melting layer at 5.5 km reduced the vertical development of the core updraft and aided in the maintenance of a rotor circulation. The predicted absence of more than one active cell in the model cloud field, the lack of a well-organized downdraft in the presence of model estimated net upward mass flux, and the initial wind profile suggest the May 6 squall line was unicell in character. Copyfight 1990 by the American Geophysical Union. Paper number 90JD00597. 0148-0227/90/90JD-00597 $05.00 troposphere, detail on the dominant pathways within convective clouds where most of the transport is accomplished remain poorly understood. Convective circulations comprising the vertical transport behavior of cumulus clouds are known to play an active role in boundary layer modification [Echternacht and Garstang, 1976], anvil formation [Gamache and Houze, 1982], downdraft initiation [Zipser, 1969, 1977], and delivery of precipitation to the surface [Johnson, 1976]. Trace gas distribution within the atmospheric column is determined, in part, by this draft interaction. Therefore the interpretation of a trace constituent's tropospheric profile in the presence of convection necessitates a clearer understanding of convective cloud parcel trajectories. Motions within a developing cloud are difficult to sample, thus, observations in close proximity to active convection and numerical model simulations are required to detail the internal draft structure. Drawing upon the shape of developing cumulonimbus clouds, Newton [1966] inferred their associated draft structure. More recently, large field programs like the National Hail Research Experiment (NHRE) and the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment (CCOPE) have afforded the opportunity to i...

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mentioning

confidence: 57%

Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport

Scala¹,

Garstang²,

Tao³

et al. 1990

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The average rainfall rate for the 26 storms was 4.6 mm/hr. Doneaud et al (1984a) found an average rainfall rate of 4.0 mm/hr in a dry season and 4.8 mm/hr in a more humid season. The standard deviation was about 1.5 mm/hr.…”

Section: Area-time Integral For Precipitation Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation

1996

Hydrology Handbook

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Mesoscale and severe storm meteorology

Maddox¹

1987

Reviews of Geophysics

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The past four years have witnessed substantial research on mesoscale and severe thunderstorm phenomena. The reasons for rapidly expanding activities in both areas are quite clear. Severe thunderstorms and intense mesoscale weather phenomena account for much of the dangerous and economically disruptive weather that occurs in the United States each year [for example, recent severe, tornadic, and damaging weather events are documented in Ferguson et al., 1983, 1985, and 1986; Rogers et al., 1983 and 1985]. Further, rapid advancements in technology indicate that increasing amounts of information on mesoscale phenomena will steadily become available for study.

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Convective Rain Rates and their Evolution during Storms in a Semiarid Climate

Cited by 4 publications

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Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport

Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport

Precipitation

Mesoscale and severe storm meteorology

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