Convalescent Plasma Therapy, Therapeutic Formulations of Repurposed Drugs in 20th Century Epidemics against COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Fernández-Lázaro, Diego; Ortega, Carlos Domínguez; Sánchez-Serrano, Nerea; Chaib, Fahd Beddar; Donoso, David Jerves; Jiménez-Callejo, Elena; Rodríguez-García, Saray

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14051020

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Intravenous infusion of convalescent plasma therapy has been proposed as an alternative for immunization of these patients. Convalescent plasma therapy was used successfully in other viral outbreaks in the 20th century [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Comirnaty® Vaccine and Correlates of Immunogenicity and Adverse Reactions: A Single-Center Prospective Case Series Study

et al. 2022

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The literature suggests that real-world data on the effectiveness and safety of the BNT162b2 vaccine depend on the characteristics of the vaccinated volunteers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antibody responses and kinetics, established association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and adverse reactions after complete vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine. A single-center prospective case series study was conducted with 112 eligible volunteers who were institutionalized elderly and health care workers with had a negative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG test prior to receiving the first dose of vaccine. At least one serological antibody test after each dose of vaccine was performed. Volunteers with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test before vaccination were excluded. A chemiluminescent immunoassay anti-S1 antibody assay performed a serological evaluation. Both vaccine doses elicited positive IgG antibodies 3799.0 ± 2503.0 AU/mL and 8212.0 ± 4731.0 AU/mL after 20 days of the first and second doses of BNT162b2, respectively. Comirnaty® vaccine induced an immune response with antibody production against SARS-CoV-2 in 100% of participants, regardless of age (Spearman rho = −0.10, p-value = 0.312), body mass index (Spearman rho = 0.05, p-value = 0.640), blood group first dose (p-value for Kruskal–Wallis test = 0.093) and second dose (p-value for Kruskal–Wallis test = 0. 268), number of drugs (Spearman rho = −0.07, p-value = 0.490), and number of chronic diseases first dose (p-value for Kruskal–Wallis test = 0.632) and second dose (p-value for Kruskal–Wallis test = 0.510). IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were intensely elevated after the second administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine. The higher the titer of anti-peptide IgG antibodies generated after the first dose of vaccine, the higher the titer generated by the second dose of vaccine (Spearman rho = 0.86, p-value < 0.001) and the total antibody titer (Spearman rho = 0.93, p-value < 0.001). Furthermore, no serious adverse effects were reported among participants, although mild to moderate adverse effects (local or systemic) were reported after both doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, being more frequent after the first dose of the vaccine. No participants showed a positive PCR. The BNT162b2 vaccine induces a robust and rapid antibody response regardless of participant characteristics. The second dose might be especially important because of the increased immunogenicity it produces and the possible temporal distancing of the interval between doses. In general, the vaccines were well tolerated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Comirnaty® Vaccine and Correlates of Immunogenicity and Adverse Reactions: A Single-Center Prospective Case Series Study

et al. 2022

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“…Наличие антител к инфекционному агенту в трансфузионной среде, с одной стороны, со-пряжено с повышением вероятности развития у реципиента аллоиммунизации, особенно в случае множественных трансфузий, а с другой стороны, вероятно, способно оказать терапевтический эффект не только с точки зрения улучшения плазменного звена гемостаза, но и с точки зрения профилактики инфекции. Плазму реконвалесцентов применяли для пассивной иммунизации с начала ХХ века при борьбе с патогенами как вирусной, так и бактериальной природы [11,12]. Существуют описания применения гипериммунной плазмы в пандемию вируса гриппа (испанки) в 1918-1919 гг., затем в 1960-х годах -при борьбе с вирусом аргентинской геморрагической лихорадки, в 2003 г.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Safety of plasma-derived blood products transfusions harvested from anti-SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative donors

Tikhomirov,

Starkova,

Ovchinnikova

et al. 2023

Gematologiâ i transfuziologiâ

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Introduction. Testing for antibodies to the causative agent COVID-19 is not mandatory for donor blood or its components. It is unknown whether transfusion of plasma-containing blood components from seropositive donors is a safe procedure especially for immunocompromised hematological patients. Aim. To assess the frequency of adverse reactions and complications in hematological patients after transfusions of plasma-derived blood products harvested from anti-SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative donors. Material and Methods. 9152 transfusions of components harvested from anti-SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative donors were carried out from April 29, 2020 to January 21, 2022 at the NMRC for Hematology. Post-transfusion reactions and complications were analyzed in 576 hematological patients. 2059 plasma units, 327 cryosupernatant plasma units and 6766 cryoprecipitate doses were assessed. The occurrence of adverse reactions (hyperthermia) and complications within two hours after transfusion were evaluated. Results. Among 9152 blood units, anti-SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 2660 (29 %) cases and 6492 (71 %) were antibodies free. The analysis of adverse reactions and complications showed no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions in recipients after anti-SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative blood unit transfusions. Conclusion. There were no significant differences in the number of post-transfusion reactions when using donor blood components (fresh frozen plasma, cryosupernatant plasma, cryoprecipitate) obtained from donors in whose blood antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detected or not detected. Plasma-derived blood products from seropositive donors with a high degree of probability can be used to correct the plasma hemostasis path in hematological patients along with components prepared from seronegative donors.

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“…CD4 + T cells then drive B cells to make virus-specific antibodies, while cytotoxic CD8 + T cells attack virus-infected cells [ 48 ]. In addition, it was reported that more than 70% of COVID-19 convalescent patients had SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential links between COVID-19 and periodontitis: a bioinformatic analysis based on GEO datasets

Zhang

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Background 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic has already had a serious influence on human existence, causing a huge public health concern for countries all around the world. Because SARS-CoV-2 infection can be spread by contact with the oral cavity, the link between oral illness and COVID-19 is gaining traction. Through bioinformatics approaches, we explored the possible molecular mechanisms linking the COVID-19 and periodontitis to provide the basis and direction for future research. Methods Transcriptomic data from blood samples of patients with COVID-19 and periodontitis was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The shared differentially expressed genes were identified. The analysis of Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand Genomes pathway, and protein–protein interaction network was conducted for the shared differentially expressed genes. Top 5 hub genes were selected through Maximal Clique Centrality algorithm. Then mRNA-miRNA network of the hub genes was established based on miRDB database, miRTarbase database and Targetscan database. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis was used to discover possible biomarkers, which were then investigated in relation to immune-related genes. Results Fifty-six shared genes were identified through differential expression analysis in COVID-19 and periodontitis. The function of these genes was enriched in regulation of hormone secretion, regulation of secretion by cell. Myozenin 2 was identified through Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression Analysis, which was down-regulated in both COVID-19 and periodontitis. There was a positive correlation between Myozenin 2 and the biomarker of activated B cell, memory B cell, effector memory CD4 T cell, Type 17 helper cell, T follicular helper cell and Type 2 helper cell. Conclusion By bioinformatics analysis, Myozenin 2 is predicted to correlate to the pathogenesis and immune infiltrating of COVID-19 and periodontitis. However, more clinical and experimental researches are needed to validate the function of Myozenin 2.

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Convalescent Plasma Therapy, Therapeutic Formulations of Repurposed Drugs in 20th Century Epidemics against COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Effectiveness of Comirnaty® Vaccine and Correlates of Immunogenicity and Adverse Reactions: A Single-Center Prospective Case Series Study

Effectiveness of Comirnaty® Vaccine and Correlates of Immunogenicity and Adverse Reactions: A Single-Center Prospective Case Series Study

Safety of plasma-derived blood products transfusions harvested from anti-SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative donors

Potential links between COVID-19 and periodontitis: a bioinformatic analysis based on GEO datasets

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